Abstract:Corynebacterium spp. - representatives of the normal microflora of the human body, but their role in the development of diseases in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients is known. Corynebacterim spp. (C. pseudodiphtheriticum, C. striatum, C. amycolatum, C. accolens, C. argentoratense, etc.) is associated with diseases of the respiratory tract: tracheitis, pharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, bronchitis, etc. They can be transmitted by airborne droplets, household contact, and possibly by hematogenic path… Show more
“…Using the exploratory method, all but 1 P1 bacteriophages (Donovan) appear restricted to the Mycobacterium genus ( Table 1 ). In contrast, bacteriophages of subclusters P2–P6 are likely also able to infect the nonpathogenic microbes Gordonia and Rhizobium as well as hosts of the genera Clostridiodes , Clostridium , and Corynebacterium , frequently associated with human disease, including diphtheria ( Corynebacterium diphtheriae ) as well as several hospital-acquired infections (see reviews by Bernard 2012 and Mangutov et al 2021 ). As the ability to bind to new receptors is a key step in host-range evolution ( Meyer et al 2012 ), mutations within tail protein genes might explain the predicted expanded host range of subclusters P2–P6.…”
Bacteriophages, infecting bacterial hosts in every environment on our planet, are a driver of adaptive evolution in bacterial communities. At the same time, the host range of many bacteriophages—and thus one of the selective pressures acting on complex microbial systems in nature—remains poorly characterized. Here, we computationally inferred the putative host ranges of 40 cluster P mycobacteriophages, including members from six sub-clusters (P1-P6). A series of comparative genomic analyses revealed that mycobacteriophages of sub-cluster P1 are restricted to the Mycobacterium genus, whereas mycobacteriophages of sub-clusters P2 to P6 are likely also able to infect other genera, several of which are commonly associated with human disease. Further genomic analysis highlighted that the majority of cluster P mycobacteriophages harbor a conserved integration-dependent immunity system, hypothesized to be the ancestral state of a genetic switch that controls the shift between lytic and lysogenic life cycles—a temperate characteristic that impedes their usage in anti-bacterial applications.
“…Using the exploratory method, all but 1 P1 bacteriophages (Donovan) appear restricted to the Mycobacterium genus ( Table 1 ). In contrast, bacteriophages of subclusters P2–P6 are likely also able to infect the nonpathogenic microbes Gordonia and Rhizobium as well as hosts of the genera Clostridiodes , Clostridium , and Corynebacterium , frequently associated with human disease, including diphtheria ( Corynebacterium diphtheriae ) as well as several hospital-acquired infections (see reviews by Bernard 2012 and Mangutov et al 2021 ). As the ability to bind to new receptors is a key step in host-range evolution ( Meyer et al 2012 ), mutations within tail protein genes might explain the predicted expanded host range of subclusters P2–P6.…”
Bacteriophages, infecting bacterial hosts in every environment on our planet, are a driver of adaptive evolution in bacterial communities. At the same time, the host range of many bacteriophages—and thus one of the selective pressures acting on complex microbial systems in nature—remains poorly characterized. Here, we computationally inferred the putative host ranges of 40 cluster P mycobacteriophages, including members from six sub-clusters (P1-P6). A series of comparative genomic analyses revealed that mycobacteriophages of sub-cluster P1 are restricted to the Mycobacterium genus, whereas mycobacteriophages of sub-clusters P2 to P6 are likely also able to infect other genera, several of which are commonly associated with human disease. Further genomic analysis highlighted that the majority of cluster P mycobacteriophages harbor a conserved integration-dependent immunity system, hypothesized to be the ancestral state of a genetic switch that controls the shift between lytic and lysogenic life cycles—a temperate characteristic that impedes their usage in anti-bacterial applications.
“…Aerococcus is associated with inflammation such as urinary tract infection (Gilbert et al, 2021). Corynebacterium is a Gram-positive bacillus that is mostly a conditional pathogen that can cause various infections such as respiratory infections (Mangutov et al, 2021). Helicobacter has been reported in patients with gastric diseases (Shen et al, 2017a(Shen et al, , 2017b.…”
Section: Otu-level Comparison Of the Gut Microbiotamentioning
Summary
Brown rice‐based foods are thought to be effective in preventing obesity. In this study, the effect of whole‐grain flat rice noodles (WFRN) on lipid metabolism as well as their relationship with gut microbiota was investigated in mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD). The results indicated that WFRN reduced the degree of obesity, the lipid levels in the liver and serum, and the risk of liver inflammation. Moreover, WFRN significantly increased the contents of total short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (from 162.06 ± 29.79 to 272.97 ± 59.26 μg mL−1; P < 0.05) and reshaped the composition of gut microbiota in mice cecum. As the beneficial bacteria with boosted abundance, higher Coriobacteriaceae_UCG‐002 was negatively related to the lipid levels in the liver and serum, and positively correlated with the content of hexanoic acid. On the contrary, the lower abundance of harmful bacteria Staphylococcus was positively correlated to body fat and inversely related to isovaleric acid, and Helicobacter was positively associated with higher serum LDL‐C and lower hexanoic acid. This study suggested that WFRN played a positive role in ameliorating lipid accumulation and inflammation caused by obesity, and this effect was closely associated with the regulation of gut microbiota and SCFAs.
“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most notorious of Pseudomonas, as an opportunistic pathogen and the main pathogens of nosocomial infection, can cause acute or chronic infection in patients [50,51]. In addition, Corynebacterium, which is considered as the part of the normal microbiota but also functions as a pathogen causing respiratory inflammatory diseases like tracheitis, pharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, bronchitis [52][53][54]. While in table S1, high frequency bacterial genera in healthy people [32,33,[35][36][37][39][40][41][42][43] are Veillonella, Streptococcus, Prevotella, Neisseria, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus.…”
Section: Significant Alternations In Bacterial Genera Between Healthy...mentioning
Lung microbiota and lung diseases have already received increasing attention. However, the lung microbiota lacks a unified healthy baseline. In this review, we collect the healthy pulmonary microbial composition based on the data of existing relevant studies. Subsequently, we discuss and analyze the three aspects of bacterial, fungus and viral at the phylum and genus levels, as well as influence factors like sample type, geography, age, time, hypervariable regions and sequencing method to set up a unified pulmonary baseline. We conclude that Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria are the predominant phyla in healthy people. At the genus level, the most common bacterial genera are Veillonella, Streptococcus, Prevotella, Neisseria and Fusobacterium. A significant difference exists at the bacterial genus level between the lung of healthy subjects and the normal tissues of patients, and geography impacts on the healthy baseline significantly. In addition, age, time, hypervariable regions and sequencing method all affect the baseline to various degrees. In healthy people, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota dominate the pulmonary fungal phyla, while bacteriophages are the predominated order in virome. Our investigation provides a healthy lung baseline for the study of lung microbiota, which is conducive to better finding lung disease-related pathogens.
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