Corynebacterium afermentans Subsp. lipophilum: Multiple Abscess Formation in Brain and Liver

Coryneform bacteria are aerobically growing, asporogenous, non-partially-acid-fast, gram-positive rods of irregular morphology. Within the last few years, there has been a massive increase in the number of publications related to all aspects of their clinical microbiology. Clinical microbiologists are often confronted with making identifications within this heterogeneous group as well as with considerations of the clinical significance of such isolates. This review provides comprehensive information on the identification of coryneform bacteria and outlines recent changes in taxonomy. The following genera are covered: Corynebacterium, Turicella, Arthrobacter, Brevibacterium, Dermabacter. Propionibacterium, Rothia, Exiguobacterium, Oerskovia, Cellulomonas, Sanguibacter, Microbacterium, Aureobacterium, "Corynebacterium aquaticum," Arcanobacterium, and Actinomyces. Case reports claiming disease associations of coryneform bacteria are critically reviewed. Minimal microbiological requirements for publications on disease associations of coryneform bacteria are proposed.

show abstract

“…Dykhuizen et al described an immunocompetent patient who developed a brain abscess from which C. afermentans subsp. lipophilum grew (116).…”

Section: Lipophilic Corynebacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical microbiology of coryneform bacteria

et al. 1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PLA cases due to Corynebacterium diphtheriae and coryneform microorganisms have been reported since 1974 (10,13,22,27). Although a substantial increase in reported cases of human infections due to Rhodococcus equi (Corynebacterium equi) has occurred as a manifestation of the human immunodeficiency virus infection epidemic (5, 26, 28), we did not find in the literature reported cases of PLA due to R. equi in either immunocompromised or immunocompetent humans.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 68%

Pyogenic Liver Abscess Due to Rhodococcus equi in an Immunocompetent Host

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A case of pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) due to Rhodococcus equi in an immunocompetent individual was successfully treated by combining surgery and antibiotics. The R. equi-targeted antimicrobial agents erythromycin and rifampin were used only after surgical resection of the lesion and identification of the infective organism. CASE REPORTA 46-year-old man residing in the suburbs of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, was admitted to the university hospital with fever (39 to 40°C), right upper quadrant pain, nausea, vomiting, coluria, and weight loss (4 kg in 2 weeks). Abdominal ultrasound was done 2 months before hospitalization and revealed cholelithiasis. He had a history of hospitalization and blood transfusions due to gastric ulcers and melena episodes. He reported a smoking habit and sporadic alcohol ingestion. He denied having used illicit drugs and traveling to rural areas. He also denied hypertension, allergy, diabetes, tuberculosis, or other states of immunodeficiency. Clinical diagnosis revealed jaundice (1ϩ/4ϩ), paleness (2ϩ/4ϩ), tender hepatomegaly, and signs of dental infection. Abdominal ultrasonographic scanning procedures revealed the presence of two gallstones in the gall bladder and a 6-cm-diameter liver abscess with involvement of the upper and middle segments of the right lobe. There were no clinical or radiological evidences of brain, bone, or lung infection or pleural effusion. Blood samples were collected for bacteriological cultures, and empirical antimicrobial therapy was initiated with intravenous ampicillin, gentamicin, and metronidazole. In view of the clinical signs of purulent gingivitis and periodontitis, ampicillin was changed to penicillin G. Laboratory findings revealed anemia, leucocytosis (35,200 cells/l), and high levels of liver transaminases and phosphatase alkaline enzymes. The results of screening tests for human immunodeficiency virus and viral hepatitis were negative. On the fifth day after admission, there were still no significant clinical or radiological responses to antibiotics. Until day 25 of hospitalization, the patient remained afebrile with persistent abdominal pain. On day 26, the patient was found to be toxemic and feverish (38.4°C) and started vomiting green vomitus. The patient underwent percutaneous catheter drainage with ultrasound guidance, and 120 ml of chestnut-colored purulent secretion was collected from the abscess. Bacteriological cultures of the liver aspirate were negative. Penicillin G and gentamicin were changed to ceftriaxone and ampicillin. Follow-up of radiological and ultrasonographic scans of the liver indicated persistence of the abscess. Subsequent abdominal computed tomography confirmed the location of the abscess. Fifty days after admission, the patient underwent laparoscopy with drainage of the abscess and cholecystectomy. After surgical drainage and bacteriological identification of the infective organism, the patient was given R. equi-targeted antimicrobial therapy (erythromycin and rifampin) for 4 weeks. The patient was discharged fr...

show abstract

“…Geobacillus species are evaluated for applications in biotechnology [ 92 ]. Corynebacterium afermentans is a Gram-positive rod rarely isolated from brain and liver abscesses and orthopedic infections [ 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 ]. In the present study, we selected the Gram-negative bacilli reported in human infections— H. alvei and S. paucimobilis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Caves—Sphingomonas paucimobilis and Hafnia alvei and a Review of Their Involvement in Human Infections

Ionescu

Neagoe

Crăciun

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The opportunistic infections with Gram-negative bacilli are frequently reported. The clinical studies are focused on the course of human infectious and very often the source of infection remain unclear. We aim to see if the Gram-negative bacilli isolated from a non-contaminated environment—the caves—are reported in human infections. Eleven samples were collected from six Romanian caves. We used the standard procedure used in our clinical laboratory for bacterial identification and for antibiotic susceptibility testing of the cave isolates. Out of the 14 bacterial strains, three isolates are Gram-negative bacilli—one isolate belong to Hafnia alvei and two strains belong to Sphingomonas paucimobilis. We screened for the published studies—full-text original articles or review articles—that reported human infections with S. paucimobilis and H. alvei. Data sources—PubMed and Cochrane library. We retrieved 447 cases from 49 references—262 cases (58.61%) are S. paucimobilis infections and 185 cases (41.39%) are H. alvei infections. The types of infections are diverse but there are some infections more frequent; there are 116 cases (44.27%) and many infections of the bloodstream with S. paucimobilius (116 cases) and 121 cases (65.41%) are urinary tract infections with H. alvei. The acquired source of the bloodstream infections is reported for 93 of S. paucimobilis bloodstream infections—50 cases (43%) are hospital-acquired, and 40 cases (37%) are community-acquired. Most of the infections are reported in patients with different underlying conditions. There are 80 cases (17.9%) are reported of previously healthy persons. Out of the 72 cases of pediatric infections, 62 cases (86.11%) are caused by S. paucimobilis. There are ten death casualties—three are H. alvei infections, and seven are S. paucimobilis infections.

show abstract

Corynebacterium afermentans Subsp. lipophilum: Multiple Abscess Formation in Brain and Liver

Cited by 11 publications

References 7 publications

Clinical microbiology of coryneform bacteria

Clinical microbiology of coryneform bacteria

Pyogenic Liver Abscess Due to Rhodococcus equi in an Immunocompetent Host

The Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Caves—Sphingomonas paucimobilis and Hafnia alvei and a Review of Their Involvement in Human Infections

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About