Corvalán for Bukovsky: a real exchange of prisoners during an imaginary war. The Chilean dictatorship, the Soviet Union, and US mediation, 1973–1976

Uliánova, Olga

doi:10.1080/14682745.2013.793310

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In the first years of the solidarity campaigns, one of the most important topics was that of Luis Corvalán, General Secretary of the PCCh, who was confined, along with some other Popular Unity representatives, on Dawson Island after the coup. In communist countries lots of requests would be written demanding his liberation, which eventually took place in December 1976, when he was exchanged for the Soviet dissident Vladimir Bukovsky (Ulianova, 2014a(Ulianova, , 2014b. Shortly after that, Corvalán was given asylum in Moscow.…”

Section: Chile In the Czechoslovak Public Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the aim of the outside line was to create a positive image of the USSR, by portraying it as a country concerned with human rights, the inside line sought to teach the young generation about the crimes carried out by imperialism and fascism, and, at the same time, to show the citizens of communist countries the benefits they were given by the system in which they lived. Although several studies have analysed the external dimension of the solidarity of communist countries (Ulianova and Fediakova, 1998; Ulianova, 2000, 2014a, 2014b; Zourek, 2014; Yordanov, 2019), far fewer works have focused on how the Chilean issue really resonated in the societies of communist countries at that time. One of the few exceptions is the contribution made by Yulia Gradskova, covering the movement and impact of Chilean solidarity activists inside the USSR (Christiaens, Rodríguez García and Goddeeris, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Czechoslovakia and its Position within the Solidarity Network of Chilean Communism: A Reflection on the Coup and Resistance against Pinochet from a Country with Worn‐out Revolutionary Ideals

Zourek

2023

Bull Latin American Res

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The article will analyse the development of the Chilean cause in the politics of Eastern Europe countries since 1973, focusing on the Czechoslovak case. On the one hand, it will prove that during the communist government Czechoslovakia played an important role in the international campaign for the resistance against the dictatorship at a worldwide level. On the other hand, it posits that the propaganda aimed at Czechoslovakia, which sought to kindle society's belief in the revolutionary ideals strongly affected after the Soviet invasion in 1968, turned out to be much less effective.

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Section: Chile In the Czechoslovak Public Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Czechoslovakia and its Position within the Solidarity Network of Chilean Communism: A Reflection on the Coup and Resistance against Pinochet from a Country with Worn‐out Revolutionary Ideals

Zourek

2023

Bull Latin American Res

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“…40 The idea of one human rights struggle in Chile and Eastern Europe became also visible in 1976, when the Soviet Union and Chile exchanged the communist leader Luís Corvalán for the Soviet dissident Vladimir Bukovsky, allowing campaigners on behalf of human rights in Eastern Europe to stress the similarities between the Brezhnev and Pinochet regimes. 41 The next year, the Italian socialist Carlo Ripa di Meana dedicated the 1977 biennale to the plight of dissidents -three years after the Biennale had highlighted the cause of 'Liberty in Chile'. However, the circumstances of this Biennale del Dissenso in 1977 show at the same time some of the limitations of the campaigns on behalf of dissidents.…”

Section: Eastern European Dissidents Discovering the Third Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting the East to the South. Eastern European Dissidents and Third World Activism during the 1970s

Christiaens¹,

Claeys²,

Goddeeris³

2020

Ventunesimo Secolo

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Over the last past years, scholars have considered the 1970s as a critical moment in the development of transnational activism and the 'breakthrough' of human rights. 1 They have highlighted the expansion of large-scale international campaigns on behalf of human rights in the postcolonial world, and their connections with the mobilization on behalf of human rights and dissidents in the Eastern Bloc, which started to grow at the same time. 2 Even more, some authors have brought these North-South and East-West campaigns together under the umbrella of one budding global civil society, picking up on Akira Iriye's book on the 'global community' that international organizations and institutions had created after WW II. 3 Although human rights campaigns had already been developing over the previous decades, the singularity of the 1970s -or the long 1960s, as Sarah Snyder phrased it -has been located not only in the expansion of these campaigns in size and resonance, but also in the ways in which they forged links across the borders of the Iron Curtain and, more specifically, witnessed an entanglement between campaigns developing over the 'Third World' and those developing over human rights in the 'Second World'. The decade saw campaigns by Amnesty International, simultaneously denouncing human rights violations in the 'three worlds' of the Cold War globe, but also an entangled protest against dictatorships and violence in Eastern Europe and the Third World, as exemplified by the widespread comparisons between the Warsaw Pact invasion in Prague and the American war in Vietnam in the summer of 1968 or the responses to repression in the Soviet Union, racial discrimination in Southern Africa, war in Biafra, authoritarianism in South Korea, and coups in Greece and Chile. 4 These cross-references have nurtured the idea that, especially in the 1970s, there emerged a common 'anti-totalitarian' identity 5 between campaigns on behalf of the Global South and those developed on behalf of human rights in Eastern Europe, which expanded over the 1980s and, ultimately, signaled the end of the Cold War. 6

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“…104 The Pinochet regime strengthened its domestic and international profile as a bastion of anti-communism when it released the communist Luis Corvalán in exchange for the liberation of the Soviet dissident Vladimir Bukovsky in 1976. 105 Eastern European dissidents were not only instrumentalized by Pinochet and its anti-communist apologists in the West, 106 they were also discredited by communist propaganda that portrayed them as supporters of "fascism". 107 The solidarity of Eastern European dissidents with Chile was overshadowed by much more powerful currents of pan-European cooperation in the 1970s, as well as by the alliance between the Soviet camp and the Chilean opposition.…”

Section: T H E a N T I -T O Ta L I Ta R I A N U T O P I A : C H I L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

European Reconfigurations of Transnational Activism: Solidarity and Human Rights Campaigns on Behalf of Chile during the 1970s and 1980s

Christiaens

2018

Int Rev of Soc His

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The overthrow of the democratically elected socialist president Salvador Allende in Chile and the human rights violations under the military junta of Augusto Pinochet spawned one of the most iconic and sustained human rights campaigns of the Cold War. Human rights scholars have argued that this movement on behalf of Chile signalled the “breakthrough” of human rights as the lingua franca of transnational activism. They have emphasized the global dimensions of these campaigns, which inspired movements mobilizing on behalf of other issues in the Third World. However, such narratives have not been corroborated by research on the campaigns as developed in Europe. Historians have so far focused on the impact of the Chilean crisis in specific countries or on particular organizations, and on the ways in which human rights activism was coloured by local and national contexts. This article aims to shift the scope of the debate by establishing relations with and crossovers from other transnational causes and campaigns, analysing the ways in which campaigns on behalf of Chile became intimately related to campaigns on intra-European issues during the 1970s and 1980s. It explores the so far little-studied connections between campaigns over Chile and simultaneously burgeoning movements on behalf of East–West détente, resistance against authoritarian regimes in Southern Europe, and the plight of dissidents in Eastern Europe. It argues that campaigns on behalf of Chile were reconfigured around European themes, created bonds of solidarity within a divided Europe, and drew on analogies rather than a juxtaposition between Europe and the Third World.

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Corvalán for Bukovsky: a real exchange of prisoners during an imaginary war. The Chilean dictatorship, the Soviet Union, and US mediation, 1973–1976

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Czechoslovakia and its Position within the Solidarity Network of Chilean Communism: A Reflection on the Coup and Resistance against Pinochet from a Country with Worn‐out Revolutionary Ideals

Czechoslovakia and its Position within the Solidarity Network of Chilean Communism: A Reflection on the Coup and Resistance against Pinochet from a Country with Worn‐out Revolutionary Ideals

Connecting the East to the South. Eastern European Dissidents and Third World Activism during the 1970s

European Reconfigurations of Transnational Activism: Solidarity and Human Rights Campaigns on Behalf of Chile during the 1970s and 1980s

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