Cortisol Transport and Disappearance.

Beisel, William R.; DiRaimondo, Vincent C.; Forsham, Peter H.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-722_4

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The renal clearance of unbound or free CpF at normal plasma levels of the hormone range from 1 to 21 ml/min with a mean 7 ml/min [7,72], As the plasma level of free CpF is raised, tubular rcabsorption is proportional to the filtered load without evidence of a tubular maximum [8], The conjugated forms of CpF have a renal clearance that approaches closely the simultane ously measured GFR [8], As mentioned above, in CRF the plasma levels of conjugated CpF are inversely proportional to the GFR and, therefore, to the number of the residual functioning nephrons.…”

Section: Effect O F Crf On Secretion Metabolism and Action O F Cpf Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney and Adrenocortical Hormones

Kleeman¹,

Levi²,

Better³

1975

Nephron

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have presented a review of the interrelationship between the kidney and the adrenocortical steroids, aldosterone and cortisol, primarily in the regulation of water and electrolyte metabolism. The presentation is divided into three parts: (1) the influence of cortisol and aldosterone on renal structure and function; (2) the effect of kidney disease on secretion and metabolism of these steroids, and (3) the role of the kidneys in the plasma clearance of these steroids and their metabolites. There is no evidence that an excess or deficit of these steroids have a direct effect on renal structure, but both are necessary to maintain normal GFR and RPF. Glucocorticoids augment renal hemodynamics in pharmacologic doses. The phenomenon of ‘escape’ by the kidney from the sodium-retaining effect of adrenocortical steroids is discussed in detail, as well as the ability of glucocorticoid to antagonize the sodium retaining activity of any adrenal steroid of analogue with lesser glucocorticoid noperties. It is included that the impaired water dunesis of glycocorticoid deficiency is due to the absence of the permissive action of these steroids on the kidney, augmented at times by enhanced ADH secretion in response to sustained nonosmotic stimuli. The effect of gluco and mineralocorticoids on the renal excretion of divalentions and uric acid is also discussed. While progressive chronic renal failure (CRF) does not seem to significantly after the secretion or metabolism of cortisol it is possible that CRF causes a state of chronic hyperaldosteronism that is essential to maintain normal excretion (secretion) of potassium per nephron as renal mass progressively decreases. A direct or an indirect effect of potassium ion may be responsible for the hypersecretion or aldosterone rather than the renin-angiotensin system.

show abstract

Section: Effect O F Crf On Secretion Metabolism and Action O F Cpf Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney and Adrenocortical Hormones

Kleeman¹,

Levi²,

Better³

1975

Nephron

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Slaunwhite, Lockie, Back, and Sandberg (23) observed in mice that the action of cortisol and its clearance were adversely influenced by prior administration of its binding protein, transcortin. Other investigators have postulated that the delay in cortisol clearance in pregnancy and other hyperestrogenic states was due to increased protein binding, since transcortin is elevated in these states (24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of specific antibody on the disappearance of staphylococcal enterotoxin B from blood.

Rapoport¹,

Hodoval²,

Grogan³

et al. 1966

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcus aureus produces a variety of toxins, enzymes, and metabolites, among which are enterotoxins A and B, exotoxins associated with certain outbreaks of food poisoning (2). Recent reports have established the lethal nature of enterotoxin B after its intravenous injection, with death in experimental animals characterized by profound shock (3-5). Fever and several other toxic manifestations of intravenously administered staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) resemble those of bacterial endotoxin (6-10). In view of a possible etiologic relationship of staphylococcal enterotoxin to the shock syndrome of staphylococcal sepsis, there has been surprisingly little investigation of intravenously administered enterotoxin.The purified toxin produced by Schantz and coworkers (11) has been characterized extensively. It was shown to be a simple protein, free of any detectable lipid or carbohydrate, having a molecular weight of approximately 35,000. Electrophoretic studies revealed its migration as a single component with an isoelectric point of pH 8.6. Serologic studies by means of the Oudin and Ouchterlony techniques indicated greater than 99%o homogeneity. It will withstand a temperature of 60°C for 16 hours without loss of toxicity.Previous work performed in our laboratory showed that SEB was cleared rapidly from the blood of experimental animals (4). It was observed further that animals surviving an initial challenge appeared to clear SEB at a somewhat slower rate after a second challenge. In contrast, * Submitted for publication September 28, 1965; accepted May 23, 1966.A portion of this work appeared in abstract form (1). In conducting the research described in this report, the investigators adhered to the principles of laboratory animal care as established by the National Society for Medical Research. other investigators have shown that the phenomenon of tolerance and immunity to bacterial endotoxins are characterized by increased, rather than delayed, rates of clearance (12, 13). In view of certain similarities in the toxic manifestations of these two bacterial products it seemed paradoxical that a degree of immunity might alter their clearance kinetics in opposite directions.The present report extends observations on the clearance rate of labeled SEB from the circulation of rhesus monkeys and demonstrates the marked alterations in clearance rate produced by acutely administered type specific antitoxins. MethodsAnimals. Healthy Macaca mulatta (rhesus) weighing 2.5 to 3.5 kg were placed at least 1 week preceding investigation in restraining chairs 'specially designed to permit study in a nonanesthetized state. These animals had no known previous experience with SEB, and each was used for only a single challenge with this toxin. On the day before study bilateral indwelling saphenous vein catheters were inserted, one to permit injection of the test materials and the second to allow repeated blood sampling.Labeling and administration of toxin. The highly purified SEB as described by Schantz (11) was isotopically lab...

show abstract

“…Mit ihrer Vehikelfunktion (BENNROLD) maohen die Proteine Oortisol, das nur eine beschränkte Wasserlöslichkeit besitzt, besser löslich. Wahrscheinlieh stehen proteingebundenes und freies Oortisol in dynamischem Gleichgewicht (Massenwirkungsgesetz), und die reversible Proteinbindung wirkt nach Art eines Puffers, um die Konzentration des allein biologisch wirksamen [39,65,76] freien Oortisols aufrechtzuerhalten [1,16]. Das proteingebundene Oortisol stellt somit ein rasch verfügbares, aber zeitweilig inaktiviertes Hormonreservoir dar.…”

Section: Originalienunclassified

“…im Gleichgewicht mit der geringen Konzentration an freiem Oortisol im Blut [87]. Nur dieses kann durch glomeruläre Filtration ausgesohieden werden [2,10,67,79] und wahrscheinlich ist nur das freie Oortisol dem enzymatischen Abbau in der Leber zugänglioh (1,65,66]. Vermutlich reagiert auoh der negative feed-baok·Meohanismus der Rege.…”

Section: Originalienunclassified

“…Die fluorimetrische Methode erfaßt beide Oorticosteroide, wobei jedoch das normalerweise in sehr geringer Konzentration vorkommende Oorticosteron 2,5-3mal stärker fluoresciert als eine entsprechende Menge Oortisol (nach MATTINGLY [40] und eigenen Untersuchungen). Oortisol und Oorticosteron kompetieren um die Bindungsplätze des OBG und werden mit gleicher Affinität gebunden [1,12,16,47,75,83]. Daher dürfte der Anstieg des sog.…”

Section: Originalienunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation