Cortisol reduces paracellular permeability and increases occludin abundance in cultured trout gill epithelia

Chasiotis, Helen; Wood, Chris M.; Kelly, Scott P.

doi:10.1016/j.mce.2010.02.030

Cited by 51 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…In support of the idea that a reduction in cldn-32a occurs in association with reduced gill epithelium permeability and, therefore, may play a role in enhancing its barrier properties are observations of a cortisol-induced reduction in cldn-32a mRNA abundance in cultured PVC epithelia derived from the puffer fish (Tetraodon nigroviridis) (Bui et al, 2010). Cortisol has been documented to reduce the paracellular permeability of model gill epithelia derived from trout (Kelly and Wood, 2001;Chasiotis et al, 2010), tilapia and goldfish (Chasiotis and Kelly, 2011b). Therefore, these new observations, together with the limited distribution of cldn-32a (see Fig.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 84%

“…More specifically, electrophysiological end points such as transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) can be used to monitor the development of epithelia, so that once a plateau in TER is observed, epithelia can be used for experimental manipulation. Recent work has shown that primary cultured gill epithelium models can be used to provide insight into the molecular physiology of the gill TJ complex Bui et al, 2010;Chasiotis and Kelly, 2011a;Chasiotis and Kelly, 2011b;Chasiotis et al, 2010;Chasiotis et al, 2012b;Kelly and Chasiotis, 2011;. But studies to date have examined experimental end points following the establishment of confluence and/or the development of stable resistive properties in these epithelial models (for a review see Chasiotis et al, 2012a).…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

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Tight junction protein gene expression patterns and changes in transcript abundance during development of model fish gill epithelia

Kolosov

Chasiotis

Kelly

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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In vertebrates, tight junction (TJ) proteins play an important role in epithelium formation and development, the maintenance of tissue integrity and regulation of TJ permeability. In this study, primary cultured model gill epithelia composed of pavement cells (PVCs) were used to examine TJ protein transcript abundance during the development of epithelium confluence and epithelium resistive properties. Differences in TJ protein expression patterns and transcript abundance between gill models composed of PVCs and models composed of PVCs and mitochondrion-rich cells (MRCs) were also examined. Marked alterations in TJ protein transcript abundance were observed as cells developed to confluence in flask-cultured model gill epithelia. In contrast, during the formation of tissue resistance in insertcultured epithelia (i.e. epithelia cultured on a permeable substrate), changes in TJ protein mRNA abundance were conservative, despite paracellular marker flux decreasing by orders of magnitude. In both cases significant changes in claudin-8b, -8d, -27b, -28b and -32a transcript abundance were observed, suggesting that temporal alterations in the abundance of these genes are important end points of model gill epithelium integrity. When MRCs were present in cultured gill models, the mRNA abundance of several TJ proteins significantly altered and claudin-10c, -10d and -33b were only detected in preparations that included MRCs. These data provide insight into the role of select TJ proteins in the formation and development of gill epithelia and the maintenance of gill barrier properties. In addition, observations reveal a heterogeneous distribution of claudin TJ proteins in the gill epithelial cells of rainbow trout.

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Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Tight junction protein gene expression patterns and changes in transcript abundance during development of model fish gill epithelia

Kolosov

Chasiotis

Kelly

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Consistent with their increased levels during acid exposure, these hormones are able to promote ion uptake (Flik and Perry, 1989;Kumai et al, 2012a;, increase H + -ATPase activity for acid secretion (Lin and Randall, 1993), and reduce epithelial permeability Chasiotis et al, 2010;Kelly and Wood, 2001;Kwong and Perry, 2013a;Tipsmark et al, 2009). Therefore, these hormones may play critical roles during the acclimation of fish to acidic environments.…”

Section: General Effects Of Acid Exposure On Freshwater Fishmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Increasing evidence suggests that elevated cortisol levels can also reduce the epithelial permeability in fish by increasing the abundance of epithelial TJ proteins (Chasiotis et al, 2010;Kelly and Chasiotis, 2011; Kwong and Perry, 2013a;Tipsmark et al, 2009). In larval zebrafish, cortisol treatment increased the mRNA and protein expression of the epithelial TJ proteins claudin-b and occludin-a, which was associated with a reduction in paracelluler permeability (Kwong and Perry, 2013a).…”

Section: Endocrine Responses To Acid Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and S.F.P., unpublished results) and whole-body cortisol levels (Kumai et al, 2012a) was significantly elevated in larval zebrafish following acid exposure. Importantly, results from pharmacological manipulation or morpholino knockdown have shown that under acidic conditions, cortisol acts through GR to activate Na + uptake via a NHE3b-Rhcg1 functional metabolon (Kumai et al, 2012a).Increasing evidence suggests that elevated cortisol levels can also reduce the epithelial permeability in fish by increasing the abundance of epithelial TJ proteins (Chasiotis et al, 2010;Kelly and Chasiotis, 2011; Kwong and Perry, 2013a;Tipsmark et al, 2009). In larval zebrafish, cortisol treatment increased the mRNA and protein expression of the epithelial TJ proteins claudin-b and occludin-a, which was associated with a reduction in paracelluler permeability (Kwong and Perry, 2013a).…”

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The physiology of fish at low pH: the zebrafish as a model system

Kwong

Kumai

Perry

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

111

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Ionic regulation and acid-base balance are fundamental to the physiology of vertebrates including fish. Acidification of freshwater ecosystems is recognized as a global environmental problem, and the physiological responses to acid exposure in a few fish species are well characterized. However, the underlying mechanisms promoting ionic and acid-base balance for most fish species that have been investigated remain unclear. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a powerful model system to elucidate the molecular basis of ionic and acid-base regulation. The utility of zebrafish is related to the ease with which it can be genetically manipulated, its suitability for state-of-the-art molecular and cellular approaches, and its tolerance to diverse environmental conditions. Recent studies have identified several key regulatory mechanisms enabling acclimation of zebrafish to acidic environments, including activation of the sodium/hydrogen exchanger (NHE) and H + -ATPase for acid secretion and Na + uptake, cortisol-mediated regulation of transcellular and paracellular Na + movements, and ionocyte proliferation controlled by specific cell-fate transcription factors. These integrated physiological responses ultimately contribute to ionic and acid-base homeostasis in zebrafish exposed to acidic water. In the present review, we provide an overview of the general effects of acid exposure on freshwater fish, the adaptive mechanisms promoting extreme acid tolerance in fishes native to acidic environments, and the mechanisms regulating ionic and acid-base balance during acid exposure in zebrafish. KEY WORDS: Acid exposure, Acid-base balance, Ionic regulation, Zebrafish IntroductionDeclining fish populations in acidified lakes and streams (see review by McDonald, 1983a) was a significant factor promoting intensive research over the past 40 years on the ecological and physiological consequences of aquatic acidification. In freshwater (FW) ecosystems, acidification is caused largely by atmospheric acidic deposition (i.e. acid rain). Acidification of FW is a global problem, which has been documented in several geographic regions including eastern Europe, the USA and China (Psenner, 1994;Schindler, 1988;Wright et al., 2005). In Canada, it is estimated that about 40% of lakes are in regions susceptible to acid deposition (Kelso et al., 1990). Most aquatic animals, including fish, live in a narrow range of pH near neutrality, and acute or chronic exposure to acidic water can adversely affect their physiological functions (McDonald, 1983a;Wood, 1989). Nevertheless, some species thrive in acidic environments, and thus can serve as useful models for investigating the mechanisms underlying adaptation to acid stress. REVIEWDepartment of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N 6N5.*Author for correspondence (wkwong@uottawa.ca)The mechanisms of ionic and acid-base regulation in fish have been summarized in previous reviews (Claiborne et al., 2002;Evans et al., 2005;Gilmour and Perry, 2009;Goss et al., 19...

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Osmoregulation and Excretion

Larsen

Deaton

Onken

et al. 2014

Comprehensive Physiology

177

141

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The article discusses advances in osmoregulation and excretion with emphasis on how multicellular animals in different osmotic environments regulate their milieu intérieur. Mechanisms of energy transformations in animal osmoregulation are dealt with in biophysical terms with respect to water and ion exchange across biological membranes and coupling of ion and water fluxes across epithelia. The discussion of functions is based on a comparative approach analyzing mechanisms that have evolved in different taxonomic groups at biochemical, cellular and tissue levels and their integration in maintaining whole body water and ion homeostasis. The focus is on recent studies of adaptations and newly discovered mechanisms of acclimatization during transitions of animals between different osmotic environments. Special attention is paid to hypotheses about the diversity of cellular organization of osmoregulatory and excretory organs such as glomerular kidneys, antennal glands, Malpighian tubules and insect gut, gills, integument and intestine, with accounts on experimental approaches and methods applied in the studies. It is demonstrated how knowledge in these areas of comparative physiology has expanded considerably during the last two decades, bridging seminal classical works with studies based on new approaches at all levels of anatomical and functional organization. A number of as yet partially unanswered questions are emphasized, some of which are about how water and solute exchange mechanisms at lower levels are integrated for regulating whole body extracellular water volume and ion homeostasis of animals in their natural habitats. © 2014 American Physiological Society.

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Cortisol reduces paracellular permeability and increases occludin abundance in cultured trout gill epithelia

Cited by 51 publications

References 22 publications

Tight junction protein gene expression patterns and changes in transcript abundance during development of model fish gill epithelia

Tight junction protein gene expression patterns and changes in transcript abundance during development of model fish gill epithelia

The physiology of fish at low pH: the zebrafish as a model system

Osmoregulation and Excretion

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