Cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, and ACTH concentrations after dexamethasone in depressed patients and healthy volunteers

Holsboer, Florian; Doerr, H. G.; Gerken, A.; Müller, Otto; Sippell, Wolfgang G.

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(84)90104-5

Cited by 76 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In one study among PTSD patients, enhanced frequency MMN amplitudes were found (Morgan 3rd & Grillon, 1999). Hypercortisolemia, on the other hand, is often reported among schizophrenia patients (Jakovljevic, Muck-Seler, Pivac, & Crncevic, 1998;Ritsner et al, 2004;Sora, Nishimon, & Otsuki, 1986;Zhang, Zhou, Cao, Wu, & Shen, 2005) and among patients with major depression (Holsboer, Doerr, Gerken, Muller, & Sippell, 1984;Rubin, Poland, Lesser, Winston, & Blodgett, 1987;Sachar et al, 1973). MMN studies in schizophrenic populations are frequent and report attenuated duration MMN amplitudes and less often reduced amplitudes of the frequency MMN (for an overview, see Umbricht & Krljes, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Psychosocial stress attenuates general sound processing and duration change detection

et al. 2006

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An EEG-compatible adaptation of the Trier Social Stress Test was developed to induce psychosocial stress in healthy subjects while investigating their auditory processing of unattended sounds and salivary levels of the stress hormone cortisol. The mismatch negativity (MMN) and N1/P2 were assessed using a multifeature paradigm, while subjects were attending to visual tasks with high or low attentional workload. Only the responses to duration change were affected by the stress manipulation. Cortisol levels during stress were inversely related to the MMN amplitudes of duration deviants. During anticipatory stress, responses to the standard tones (general sound processing) increased, but their amplitude was not correlated with cortisol levels. We found that psychosocial stressor anticipation attenuates both general and deviance-specific sound processing, suggesting that cortisol interferes with cortical memory-trace formation.

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confidence: 99%

Psychosocial stress attenuates general sound processing and duration change detection

et al. 2006

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“…Although pulsatile and circadian variations in secretory patterns may closely follow one another [Kreiger, 1979;Schurmeyer et al, 1984;Carnes et al, 19881, there is ample evidence that the relationship between the two is not stricly linear [Riegle, 1973;Dallman et al, 1987a,b;Schurmeyer, 19871. For example, careful manipulation of ACTH levels in vitro has shown that the ACTHiglucocorticoid ratio varies with the timing and magnitude of the ACTH infusion [Urquhart, 19701. Although most investigations have reported a n association between ACTH and glucocorticoid values in response to challenge [Kreiger & Allen, 1975;Holsboer et al, 1984;Berger et al, 19851, few studies have investigated the statistical correlation between ACTH and glucocorticoid responses. Results among these have been uneven, with some studies reporting significant and positive relationships [Holsboer et al, 1984;Berger et al, 19851, and others finding little or no relationship [Schurmeyer et al, 1985;Schreiber et al, 19881.…”

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confidence: 98%

“…For example, careful manipulation of ACTH levels in vitro has shown that the ACTHiglucocorticoid ratio varies with the timing and magnitude of the ACTH infusion [Urquhart, 19701. Although most investigations have reported a n association between ACTH and glucocorticoid values in response to challenge [Kreiger & Allen, 1975;Holsboer et al, 1984;Berger et al, 19851, few studies have investigated the statistical correlation between ACTH and glucocorticoid responses. Results among these have been uneven, with some studies reporting significant and positive relationships [Holsboer et al, 1984;Berger et al, 19851, and others finding little or no relationship [Schurmeyer et al, 1985;Schreiber et al, 19881. Further, under some conditions ACTH and glucocorticoid secretion patterns have been found to be dissociated [Kreiger & Allen, 1975;Dallman et al, 1978;Jacobsen et al, 1989;Sherman et al, 1984;Armario et al, 19851.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

ACTH and glucocorticoid responses under two conditions of stress in macaques

Clarke

1991

American J Primatol

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Female macaques were tested under two different psychologically stressful situations in which plasma ACTH and glucocorticoid concentrations were measured. In the first, animals were operantly trained to enter a small transport cage over a four-week period, and plasma ACTH and glucocorticoids were measured in response to brief confinement in the cage before and after training. ACTH values were significantly lower in the pre-test (stress) condition when compared to those for the post-test, whereas the opposite result was found for glucocorticoid values. In the second experiment, blood samples were collected before and one hour after exposure to more acute and severe stress (restraint, venipuncture, handcapture, transport). Both ACTH and glucocorticoid values were significantly elevated from baseline a t the post-test sample. The differential relationship between the two hormones among the two experiments was likely the result of the specific timing and magnitude of the stress imposed by each test situation.

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“…Alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are the most consistent pathological endocrine findings in depression. [1][2][3] The key regulator of HPA axis activity, corticotropinreleasing hormone (CRH), is increased in depression. [4][5][6] The effects of CRH are modulated by neuropeptides [7][8][9] and mono-aminergic transmitters.…”

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confidence: 99%