Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1-deficient mice do not develop postoperative gastric ileus

Luckey, Andrew E.; Wang, Lixin; Jamieson, Pauline; Basa, Nicole; Million, Mulugeta; Czimmer, József; Vale, Wylie; Taché, Yvette

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(03)01069-2

Cited by 53 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In an experimental study, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) was demonstrated to affect humoral stress response after surgery. CRF plays an important role in mediating the early phase of gastric ileus through activation of CRF-1 receptors, and therefore may be a potential target for medications preventing POI [64]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only a few experimental studies provided first data that improved our understanding the cellular processes in fluid administration. The advantages of fluid restriction with avoidance of hypovolemia as outlined in the Consensus Guidelines [3] were challenged in an experimental pig model study [64] comparing restricted crystalloids versus GDT with crystalloids versus GDT with colloids, which found lower tissue oxygenation and decreased microcirculation using fluid restriction. While colloid fluid administration with GDT improved the microcirculation also in unaffected and perianastomotic colonic tissue, interestingly the type of fluid administration (crystalloid, colloid, restricted) had no effect on the hemodynamic parameters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast-Track Surgery – Conditions and Challenges in Postsurgical Treatment: A Review of Elements of Translational Research in Enhanced Recovery after Surgery

Hoffmann¹,

Kettelhack²

2012

Eur Surg Res

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Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) or fast-track surgery is a perioperative and postoperative care concept initiated in the early 1990s aiming to reduce the length of hospital stays following elective abdominal surgery. Twenty treatment items defined in the Consensus Guidelines established in 2009 were included in this concept. The success of ERAS depends highly on multidisciplinary teamwork and patient compliance. Several ERAS items and their impact on perioperative and postoperative care have recently been discussed. In this connection, translational research topics triggered increasing interest in ERAS and new impulses aimed at improving the ERAS concept. We thus reviewed the surgical literature to highlight the role of translational research items in ERAS. Methods: A literature search of Medline®, PubMed® and the Cochrane Database was performed. Two investigators independently reviewed the abstracts and appropriate articles were included in this review. Results: Articles have been selected. The advantages of the ERAS concept over conventional postoperative care were established by four meta-analyses and several reviews. But, due to the lack of standardization of the protocols, the level of evidence is still low. The implementation of ERAS into clinical practice is furthermore hampered by the poor compliance with ERAS protocols and remains a challenge for the future. Moreover, recent trials challenge the role of some ERAS items, e.g. epidural anesthesia. Translational research trials investigating stress, immune and inflammatory response after surgery, new analgesic concepts, goal-directed fluid therapy and new drugs and substances to improve the outcome of ERAS provide first promising data but still need to be integrated in the ERAS concept. Conclusion: The Consensus Guidelines for ERAS are subject to the constant evolution of treatment strategies and implementation of translational research findings. Improvement of the compliance with ERAS protocols in surgical clinics and updating of ERAS items taking into account recent findings in translational research may improve the outcomes of ERAS but remain a long-term challenge in surgery for the next years.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast-Track Surgery – Conditions and Challenges in Postsurgical Treatment: A Review of Elements of Translational Research in Enhanced Recovery after Surgery

Hoffmann¹,

Kettelhack²

2012

Eur Surg Res

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“…The CRF 2 antagonist astressin 2 -B injected into the CSF abolished the delayed gastric emptying in response to restraint in rats (63). By contrast, pharmacological blockade with a selective CRF 1 antagonist and the use of mice lacking CRF 1 suppressed the inhibition of gastric transit induced by surgical stress (caused by abdominal surgery or cecal palpation) (73). Collectively, these data provide new insights into the role of specific CRF receptors in the brain in the altered gastric digestive function that occurs in response to stress of surgical or immunological origin.…”

Section: Link Between Crf Receptors In the Brain And Stressrelated Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticotropin-releasing factor receptors and stress-related alterations of gut motor function

Taché¹,

Bonaz²

2007

J. Clin. Invest.

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313

285

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Over the past few decades, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signaling pathways have been shown to be the main coordinators of the endocrine, behavioral, and immune responses to stress. Emerging evidence also links the activation of CRF receptors type 1 and type 2 with stress-related alterations of gut motor function. Here, we review the role of CRF receptors in both the brain and the gut as part of key mechanisms through which various stressors impact propulsive activity of the gastrointestinal system. We also examine how these mechanisms translate into the development of new approaches for irritable bowel syndrome, a multifactorial disorder for which stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology. Stress and gut motor functionA real or perceived threat to the homeostasis of mammalian organisms, originating internally or externally, triggers adaptive stress responses that affect behavior, as well as endocrine, immune, autonomic, and visceral functions (1, 2). Regarding effects in visceral functions in particular, early seminal investigations reported by Cannon and by Almy and colleagues provided clear evidence that emotional stress impacts gastric and colonic motor activity in healthy volunteers and cats (3, 4). Subsequent studies established that delayed emptying of the stomach is the most common response evoked by various acute stressors in both experimental animals and healthy human subjects (5). By contrast, in the colon, various stressors (including anxiety, dichotomous listening, fear, intermittent hand immersion in cold water, and stressful interviews) increase colonic motility in healthy subjects (5). Similarly, in rodents and dogs, stressors as diverse as open-field test, fear conditioning, loud sound, restraint, cold exposure, water avoidance, inescapable foot or tail shocks, and increased levels of cytokines induced by endotoxins stimulate propulsive colonic motor function (2, 5-7). The autonomic nervous system provides a peripheral neuronal network by which the effects of stress can be rapidly imposed on gut function. These are mediated through the sympathetic, and vagal and pelvic parasympathetic innervation of the enteric nervous system embedded into the muscular layers of the gut (8).It is becoming increasingly recognized that these interconnected brain-gut neuronal pathways activated during stress have relevance in the pathophysiology of functional bowel disorders (9-11). In particular, various stressors in the form of early life trauma, sexual abuse, maternal neglect, fear conditioning, lifethreatening events, and enteric infection have an important role in the etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is characterized by altered bowel movements, bloating, and visceral pain (10-13). Cyclic vomiting syndrome is another brain-gut disorder manifested by recurrent, stereotyped episodes of nausea and vomiting in the pediatric population, which is triggered by stressors related to heightened emotional state, fasting, exercise, and infection in 80% of the patients (14).A big step forward...

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“…Under brief isoflurane anesthesia and aseptic condition, the mouse abdomen was incised, and the cecum was identified and palpated for 60 s with saline wet gauze as in our previous study (26). The control group (sham group) consisted of brief isoflurane anesthesia without performance of the surgical procedure.…”

Section: Stress Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic giant migrating contractions in conscious mouse colon assessed by using a novel noninvasive solid-state manometry method: modulation by stressors

Gourcerol¹,

Wang²,

Adelson³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Gourcerol G, Wang L, Adelson DW, Larauche M, Taché Y, Million M. Cholinergic giant migrating contractions in conscious mouse colon assessed by using a novel noninvasive solid-state manometry method: modulation by stressors. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 296: G992-G1002, 2009. First published March 19, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpgi.90436.2008.-There is a glaring lack of knowledge on mouse colonic motility in vivo, primarily due to unavailability of adequate recording methods. Using a noninvasive miniature catheter pressure transducer inserted into the distal colon, we assessed changes in colonic motility in conscious mice induced by various acute or chronic stressors and determined the neurotransmitters mediating these changes. Mice exposed to restraint stress (RS) for 60 min displayed distal colonic phasic contractions including highamplitude giant migrating contractions (GMCs), which had peak amplitudes Ͼ25 mmHg and occurred at a rate of 15-25 h Ϫ1 of which over 50% were aborally propagative. Responses during the first 20-min of RS were characterized by high-frequency and high-amplitude contractions that were correlated with defecation. RS-induced GMCs and fecal pellet output were blocked by atropine (0.5 mg/kg ip) or the corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) receptor antagonist astressin-B (100 g/kg ip). RS activated colonic myenteric neurons as shown by Fos immunoreactivity. In mice previously exposed to repeated RS (60 min/day, 14 days), or in transgenic mice that overexpress CRF, the duration of stimulation of phasic colonic contractions was significantly shorter (10 vs. 20 min). In contrast to RS, abdominal surgery abolished colonic contractions including GMCs. These findings provide the first evidence for the presence of frequent cholinergic-dependent GMCs in the distal colon of conscious mice and their modulation by acute and chronic stressors. Noninvasive colonic manometry opens new venues to investigate colonic motor function in genetically modified mice relevant to diseases that involve colonic motility alterations.

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Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1-deficient mice do not develop postoperative gastric ileus

Cited by 53 publications

References 33 publications

Fast-Track Surgery – Conditions and Challenges in Postsurgical Treatment: A Review of Elements of Translational Research in Enhanced Recovery after Surgery

Fast-Track Surgery – Conditions and Challenges in Postsurgical Treatment: A Review of Elements of Translational Research in Enhanced Recovery after Surgery

Corticotropin-releasing factor receptors and stress-related alterations of gut motor function

Cholinergic giant migrating contractions in conscious mouse colon assessed by using a novel noninvasive solid-state manometry method: modulation by stressors

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