Corticosteroids for asthma may suppress growth in children in first year of treatment, researchers say

Wise, Jacqui

doi:10.1136/bmj.g4623

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The most commonly prescribed drugs for asthma are steroids; however, these have many adverse effects, such as growth inhibition in children ( 22 ), cataracts and glaucoma, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, peptic ulcers and myopathy, as well as immunosuppressive effects ( 23 ). Moreover, steroids do not cure asthma ( 20 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The drugs currently used to treat asthma include corticosteroids, bronchodilators, leukotriene modifiers, theophylline and anti-IgE agents; however, their therapeutic effects are not completely understood ( 20 ). Although inhaled corticosteroids are the most widely used therapy for suppressing the symptoms of asthma ( 21 ), they are associated with many adverse effects, including growth inhibition in children during the first year of treatment ( 22 ), cataracts and glaucoma, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, peptic ulcers, myopathy and immunosuppressive effects ( 23 ). Thus, the unwanted side-effects of corticosteroids have increased the need to develop anti-asthmatic drugs from natural products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Erythronium japonicum attenuates histopathological lung abnormalities in a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced asthma

Seo

Bang

Kim

et al. 2016

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Asthma is a chronic lung condition that can induce mucus hypersecretion and pulmonary obstruction and may even cause death, particularly in children and older individuals. Erythronium japonicum (E. japonicum) is a traditional herb used in Korea and East Asian countries that has been found to exert free radical scavenging activity and anti-proliferative effects in human colorectal carcinoma cells. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-asthmatic effects of an extract of E. japonicum in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. Female BALB/c mice were sensitized with an intraperitoneal injection of OVA and aluminum hydroxide hydrate on days 1 and 8 and then received the following treatments on days 21 to 25: i) control (no treatment), ii) sterilized tap water (given orally), iii) 1 mg/kg/day dexamethasone (administered orally), iv) 60 mg/kg/day E. japonicum extract, and v) 600 mg/kg/day E. japonicum extract. On the same days, all the mice except those in the control group were challenged 1 h later with nebulized 5% OVA for 30 min. We found that treatment with E. japonicum extract suppressed the OVA-induced increase in the number of white blood cells and decreased the IgE level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples obtained from the mice. Histopathological analysis of the lung tissues revealed that E. japonicum attenuated the asthma-related morphological changes in the mouse lung tissue, including the increased secretion of mucus in the bronchioles, eosinophil infiltration around the bronchioles and vessels, and goblet cell and epithelial cell hyperplasia. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that treatment with E. japonicum extract suppressed the OVA-induced proliferation of T helper cells (CD4+) and B cells (CD19+) in the mouse lung tissue. Furthermore, treatment with E. japonicum extract modulated the expression of both T helper 2 cell-related factors [GATA binding protein 3 (GATA-3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-13], as well as that of T helper 1 cell-related factors [(interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-12p35 and IL-12p40]. These findings suggest that E. japonicum may potentially be used as an anti-asthmatic treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythronium japonicum attenuates histopathological lung abnormalities in a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced asthma

Seo

Bang

Kim

et al. 2016

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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“…Although inhaled corticosteroids have been commonly used for suppressing typical asthma symptoms [20], they can cause various adverse health effects such as growth defects in children [21], cataracts and glaucoma, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, peptic ulcers, myopathy, and immunological suppression [22]. These issues underscore the need to develop new anti-asthmatic drugs with few or no adverse effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opuntia humifusamodulates morphological changes characteristic of asthma via IL-4 and IL-13 in an asthma murine model

Lee

Bae

Choi

et al. 2017

Food & Nutrition Research

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary disease that affects an estimated 235 million people worldwide, but asthma drugs have many adverse effects. Opuntia humifusa (eastern prickly pear) has been used as a food and traditional medicine worldwide; however, its anti-asthmatic effects have not been reported. We evaluated O. humifusa as a potential therapeutic or preventive component of anti-asthmatic drugs. We divided ovalbumin-sensitized mice into the following groups: normal control, asthma-induced control, dexamethasone-treated group (positive control), 50 mg/kg O. humifusa-treated group, 100 mg/kg O. humifusa-treated group, and 500 mg/kg O. humifusa-treated group. Levels of Th1/Th2/Th17-related cytokines were evaluated using RT-PCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry. O. humifusa dose-dependently suppressed the morphological changes typically observed in asthma, such as goblet cell hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration, mucous hypersecretion, and relative basement membrane thickening in the respiratory system. These results may be attributable to regulation of Th1-/Th2-/Th17-related factors, especially interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13. We conclude that O. humifusa is a potential anti-asthmatic functional food. Abbreviations: O. humifusa: Opuntia humifusa; Th: helper T; RT-PCR: real-time polymerase chain reaction; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IL: interleukin; WHO: World Health Organization; IFN-γ: interferon gamma; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-alpha; IgE: immunoglobulin E; CD: cluster of differentiation; OVA: ovalbumin; DEX: dexamethasone; BALF: bronchoalveolar fluid; H&E: hematoxylin and eosin; PAS: periodic acid-schiff; PBS: phosphate-buffered saline; BM: basement membrane; cDNA: complementary deoxyribonucleic acid; RNA: ribo nucleic acid; RIPA: radioimmunoprecipitation assay; IHC: immunohistochemistry; HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography; SD: standard deviation; WBC: white blood cells; APCs: antigen-presenting cells

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“…Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness ( 1 ). Although steroids are the drugs most commonly prescribed for asthma, they have a number of adverse effects, including growth inhibition in children ( 24 ), cataracts and glaucoma, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, peptic ulcers, myopathy and immunosuppressive effects ( 25 ). Accordingly, recent studies have focused on the identification of candidate pharmacologically active ingredients in natural herbs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saponin-enriched extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis alleviates airway inflammation and remodeling in ovalbumin-induced asthma model

Sung

Lee

Kim

et al. 2017

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by T-lymphocyte and eosinophil infiltration, mucus overproduction and airway hyper-responsiveness. The present study examined the therapeutic effects and action mechanism of a saponin-enriched extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis (SEAC) on airway inflammation and remodeling in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. To accomplish this, alterations of the nitric oxide (NO) level, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels, as well as variations in immune cell numbers, immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration, histopathological structure and inflammatory cytokine levels were measured in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells or an OVA-induced mouse model of asthma treated with SEAC. The concentration of NO and mRNA levels of COX-2 and iNOS were significantly decreased in the SEAC + LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells compared with the vehicle + LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, in the OVA-induced asthma model, the number of immune cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the concentration of OVA-specific IgE, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, the bronchial thickness and the levels of the inflammatory mediators interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13 and COX-2 were significantly lower in the OVA + SEAC-treated group compared with the OVA + vehicle-treated group. In addition, a significant reduction in goblet cell hyperplasia, peribronchiolar collagen layer thickness and VEGF expression for airway remodeling was detected in the OVA + SEAC-treated group compared with the OVA + vehicle-treated group. These findings indicate that SEAC is a suppressor of airway inflammation and remodeling, and may therefore be useful as an anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of asthma.

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Corticosteroids for asthma may suppress growth in children in first year of treatment, researchers say

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Erythronium japonicum attenuates histopathological lung abnormalities in a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced asthma

Erythronium japonicum attenuates histopathological lung abnormalities in a mouse model of ovalbumin-induced asthma

Opuntia humifusamodulates morphological changes characteristic of asthma via IL-4 and IL-13 in an asthma murine model

Saponin-enriched extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis alleviates airway inflammation and remodeling in ovalbumin-induced asthma model

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