Corticospinal excitability is altered similarly following concentric and eccentric maximal contractions

Clos, Pierre; Garnier, Yoann M; Martin, Alain; Lepers, Romuald

doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04377-7

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…42 On the contrary, maximal eccentric leg extensions caused VAL depression but their concentric counterpart did not. 43,49 Then, while conclusions from single-joint exercise cannot be applied to locomotor exercises without being specifically tested, 2,50 eccentric exercise intensity domain (maximal versus submaximal) seems to highly influence the resulting neural alterations.…”

Section: Neural Alterations Following the Exercisesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentric versus eccentric cycling at equal power output or effort perception: Neuromuscular alterations and muscle pain

Clos

Mater

Laroche

et al. 2021

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Eccentric contractions (ie, active lengthening of the muscle) require less oxygen uptake than concentric contractions performed at same power output. 1 For this reason, eccentric cycle ergometers, on which patients resist the pedals driven backward by a motor, have been developed. Locomotor exercises (eg, cycling or running) differ from single-joint exercises because they require a more complex coordination and involve more muscle mass, affecting individuals' fatigability. 2 Among locomotor exercises, eccentric cycling differs from downhill running because it

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Section: Neural Alterations Following the Exercisesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentric versus eccentric cycling at equal power output or effort perception: Neuromuscular alterations and muscle pain

Clos

Mater

Laroche

et al. 2021

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…Because impairment of voluntary force production after exercise can occur through neuromuscular fatigue and/or muscle damage, previous studies have compared neural (e.g., VA) and muscle (e.g., resting TF) measures after concentric-only and ECC-only exercise (1,2,6,8). For the knee extensors, voluntary drive seems reduced by 12%-22% immediately after ECC-only but not concentric-only exercise; however, resting TF is reduced by 16%-35% (1,6) after concentric-only exercise with a delayed reduction observed 1 h after ECC-only exercise (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurophysiological and neuromuscular indices such as resting twitch force (TF), voluntary activation (VA), motor evoked potential (MEP), corticospinal silent period (CSP), and short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) after eccentric versus concentric contractions have been compared (1,(6)(7)(8). For example, Clos et al (1) reported that reductions in VA were greater after eccentric contractions, whereas reductions in resting TF were greater after concentric contractions of the knee extensors when the same total work was performed. Other researchers have also reported that VA, maximal compound muscle action potentials (M MAX ), and SICI were affected more after eccentric than concentric contractions of the knee extensors and the elbow flexors (6)(7)(8).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison between Eccentric-Only and Coupled Concentric–Eccentric Contractions for Neuromuscular Fatigue and Muscle Damage

Ruas

Latella

Taylor

et al. 2022

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Eccentric contractions induce muscle damage, but less is known about the effects of preceding concentric contractions to eccentric contractions on muscle damage. We compared eccentric-only (ECC) and coupled concentric and eccentric contractions (CON-ECC) of the knee extensors for parameters of neuromuscular fatigue and muscle damage. Methods: Twenty participants (age, 19-36 yr) were randomly placed into an ECC or a CON-ECC group (n = 10 per group), without significant (P > 0.06) differences in baseline neuromuscular variables between groups. The ECC group performed six sets of eight ECC at 80% of ECC one-repetition maximum (1-RMecc), whereas the CON-ECC group performed six sets of eight alternating concentric (CON) and ECC (16 contractions per set) at 80% of CON 1-RM and 1-RMecc, respectively. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction force, rate of force development, resting twitch force, maximal M-wave (M MAX ), voluntary activation, motor evoked potentials, corticospinal silent period, short interval intracortical inhibition, and muscle soreness were measured before, immediately after, and 1-3 d after exercise. Results: No significant (P ≥ 0.09) differences between ECC and CON-ECC were observed for changes in any variables after exercise. However, maximal voluntary isometric contraction force decreased immediately after exercise (ECC: −20.7% ± 12.8%, CON-ECC: −23.6% ± 23.3%) and was still reduced 3 d after exercise (ECC: −13.6% ± 13.4%, CON-ECC: −3.3% ± 21.2%). Rate of force development at 0-30 ms reduced immediately after exercise (ECC: −38.3% ± 33.9%, CON-ECC: −30.7% ± 38.3%). Voluntary activation, resting twitch force, and motor evoked potential/M MAX decreased and corticospinal silent period increased after exercise (all P ≤ 0.03), but short interval intracortical inhibition and M MAX did not change. Muscle soreness developed (P < 0.001) similarly for both groups (peak, 38.5 ± 29.5 mm). Conclusions: CON-ECC did not exacerbate neuromuscular fatigue and muscle damage when compared with ECC, despite twice as many contractions performed. Thus, eccentric contractions (n = 48 in both groups) seemed to mainly mediate the neuromuscular responses observed.

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“…Moreover, two studies tested performance fatigability and neuromuscular function through isometric contractions, which could likely hide possible alterations at other knee angles or during a dynamic contraction [10,12]. Indeed, Clos et al [30] showed that a subsequent isometric evaluation did not reflect differences in dynamic torque losses induced by eccentric and concentric tasks. To avoid this limitation, three studies performed dynamic assessments of neuromuscular performance [14,19,20].…”

Section: Performance Fatigabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cycling Cadence on Neuromuscular Function: A Systematic Review of Acute and Chronic Alterations

Mater

Clos

Lepers

2021

IJERPH

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There is a wide range of cadence available to cyclists to produce power, yet they choose to pedal across a narrow one. While neuromuscular alterations during a pedaling bout at non-preferred cadences were previously reviewed, modifications subsequent to one fatiguing session or training intervention have not been focused on. We performed a systematic literature search of PubMed and Web of Science up to the end of 2020. Thirteen relevant articles were identified, among which eleven focused on fatigability and two on training intervention. Cadences were mainly defined as “low” and “high” compared with a range of freely chosen cadences for given power output. However, the heterogeneity of selected cadences, neuromuscular assessment methodology, and selected population makes the comparison between the studies complicated. Even though cycling at a high cadence and high intensity impaired more neuromuscular function and performance than low-cadence cycling, it remains unclear if cycling cadence plays a role in the onset of fatigue. Research concerning the effect of training at non-preferred cadences on neuromuscular adaptation allows us to encourage the use of various training stimuli but not to say whether a range of cadences favors subsequent neuromuscular performance.

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Corticospinal excitability is altered similarly following concentric and eccentric maximal contractions

Cited by 9 publications

References 67 publications

Concentric versus eccentric cycling at equal power output or effort perception: Neuromuscular alterations and muscle pain

Concentric versus eccentric cycling at equal power output or effort perception: Neuromuscular alterations and muscle pain

Comparison between Eccentric-Only and Coupled Concentric–Eccentric Contractions for Neuromuscular Fatigue and Muscle Damage

Effect of Cycling Cadence on Neuromuscular Function: A Systematic Review of Acute and Chronic Alterations

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