Cortico-subthalamic Coherence in a Patient With Dystonia Induced by Chorea-Acanthocytosis: A Case Report

Abstract

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a common target for deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment in Parkinson’s disease (PD) but much less frequently targeted for other disorders. Here we report the results of simultaneous local field potential (LFP) recordings and magnetoencephalography (MEG) in a single patient who was implanted bilaterally in the STN for the treatment of dystonia induced by chorea-acanthocytosis. Consistent with the previous results in PD, the dystonia patient showed significant subthalamo-cortical coherence in the high beta band (28–35 Hz) on both sides localized to the mesial sensorimotor areas. In addition, on the right side, significant coherence was found in the theta-alpha band (4–12 Hz) that localized to the medial prefrontal cortex with the peak in the anterior cingulate gyrus. Comparison of STN power spectra with a previously reported PD cohort showed increased power in the theta and alpha bands and decreased power in the low beta band in dystonia which is consistent with most of the previous studies. The present report extends the range of disorders for which cortico-subthalamic oscillatory connectivity has been characterized. Our results strengthen the evidence that at least some of the subthalamo-cortical oscillatory coherent networks are a feature of the healthy brain, although we do not rule out that coherence magnitude could be affected by disease.

Bilateral Intracranial Beta Activity during Forced and Spontaneous Movements in a Hemi-PD Rat Model

“…Our results on the change from significant excessive low-beta power at low speeds to excessive high-beta power as the speed surpasses approximately 4 cm/s highlights the importance of investigating the high and low beta bands individually. It has been shown before that the power in the high beta band is an important biomarker for cortico-subthalamic interactions affected by PD (Cao et al, 2019;Hirschmann et al, 2013;Lalo et al, 2008), while the low beta power correlates more with walking behaviors (Singh et al, 2013). Our results confirm this since excessive low beta was only detected during stepping behaviors in the cylinder and during walking behaviors in the OF.…”

Non-invasive suppression of essential tremor via phase-locked disruption of its temporal coherence

“…Finally, we showed, using data-driven statistical learning approach, that ET severity is linked to the temporal coherence of the movement, and that stimulation that disrupts the temporal coherence can reduce its severity. Hitherto investigations of the tremor coherence have focused on the correlation between two different tremor signals, such as the bilateral hand movement 40 , intermuscular electromyography 41 , and cortico-muscular 42 . These studies have elucidated important differences between diseases (e.g.…”

Mapping Subcortico‐Cortical Coupling—A Comparison of Thalamic and Subthalamic Oscillations

“…These findings speak in favor of high‐beta coherence being a characteristic of the STN, not the disease. Previous studies support this interpretation by demonstrating similar levels of STN–cortex beta coherence in PD and dystonia patients 74 . Strong high‐beta coupling between the STN and motor cortex was also found in a patient with obsessive‐compulsive disorder, evidence of its existence even in nonmotor disorders 75 …”

“…Previous studies support this interpretation by demonstrating similar levels of STN-cortex beta coherence in PD and dystonia patients. 74 Strong high-beta coupling between the STN and motor cortex was also found in a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder, evidence of its existence even in nonmotor disorders. 75 This is not to say that the disease has no effects on oscillatory coupling in basal ganglia-cortex loops.…”