Cortico-striatal evoked potentials in the monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Liles, Samuel L.

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(75)90221-7

Cited by 37 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…We infer from the present results that in primate M1 the CS projection is also dominated by intra-telencephalic CSNs, and fast-conducting distant-projecting neurons rarely collateralize to striatum. The late timing of striatal activity evoked by M1 stimulation is consistent with this interpretation (Liles, 1974(Liles, , 1975Kocsis et al, 1977). It is quite possible that a general class of intra-telencephalic M1 efferents have firing properties similar to what we found for CSNs.…”

Section: Segregation Of Signals Among M1 Efferent Pathwayssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Special care was taken to identif y appropriate implantation sites in the putamen because of the topographic yet patchy nature of the corticostriatal innervation (Flaherty and Graybiel, 1991). The goal was to identif y sites in the putamen that receive dense innervation from the arm area of M1 (Liles, 1975). Mapping was performed with glass-coated PtIr microelectrodes mounted in a hydraulic microdrive (Narishige International, Tokyo, Japan) to explore the portion of the putamen accessible through the lateral aspect of the recording chamber.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corticostriatal Activity in Primary Motor Cortex of the Macaque

2000

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Although input from corticostriatal neurons (CSNs) plays a critical role in basal ganglia functions, little is known about CSN activity during behavior. We compared the properties of antidromically identified CSNs with those of antidromically identified neurons that project via the cerebral peduncle to distant targets. Both types of neurons were recorded in primary motor cortex (M1) of two monkeys as they performed a step-tracking task in which static loads opposed or assisted simple and precued movements of the elbow or wrist. Multiple lines of evidence suggested that CSNs and corticopeduncular neurons (CPNs) belong to distinct populations. No cells were activated from both striatum and peduncle. Compared with CPNs, CSNs had slow conduction velocities and low spontaneous rates, and the activity of most was unmodulated by sensory testing or within the tasks used. CSN activity resembled that described for M1-recipient striatal neurons: perimovement firing was small in magnitude, strongly directional, and rarely showed muscle-like load effects. Contrary to a previous report, perimovement activity in most CSNs began before movement onset. CSN activity was more selective than that of CPNs: CSN sensory responses and perimovement activities were often directionally specific, CSNs were often activated exclusively by sensory stimulation, active movement, or movement preparation, and a substantial fraction of CSNs (19%) was unresponsive to any task or manipulation. Thus, CSNs transmit signals distinct from those sent to spinal cord/brainstem. The highly selective activity of CSNs suggests that a discrete (i.e., sparse) code is used to signal cortical activation states to striatum.

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Section: Segregation Of Signals Among M1 Efferent Pathwayssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corticostriatal Activity in Primary Motor Cortex of the Macaque

2000

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“…The distribution of the orthodromically activated putaminal neurons corresponds well to that of MI proximal -, MI distal -, and SMAderived corticostriatal terminals reported previously (Künzle 1975;Liles and Updyke 1985;Takada et al 1998a, b;Tokuno et al 1999). The latency of MI-evoked orthodromic responses of putaminal neurons in this study was within the same range as that of corticostriatal-evoked responses in the monkey (Liles 1975; and putamen-evoked antidromic activation of MI neurons (Bauswein et al 1989;Turner and DeLong 2000).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…On the basis of somatosensory responses (Alexander and DeLong 1985a, b), evoked movements by microstimulation (Alexander and DeLong 1985a, b), movement-related neuronal activities (Crutcher and DeLong 1984a, b), and corticostriatal projections (Künzle 1975;Liles 1975;Takada et al 1998a, b), it has been reported that there is a dorsolateral-to-ventromedial topography of representation from the hindlimb to the orofacial area, with the forelimb represented in an intermediate zone. Neurons in the orofacial areas of the putamen increased activity in relation to orofacial movements, such as licking juice at reward periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential activity patterns of putaminal neurons with inputs from the primary motor cortex and supplementary motor area in behaving monkeys

Takara

Hatanaka

Nambu

2011

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Takara S, Hatanaka N, Takada M, Nambu A. Differential activity patterns of putaminal neurons with inputs from the primary motor cortex and supplementary motor area in behaving monkeys. J Neurophysiol 106: 1203-1217, 2011. First published June 8, 2011 doi:10.1152/jn.00768.2010.-Activity patterns of projection neurons in the putamen were investigated in behaving monkeys. Stimulating electrodes were implanted chronically into the proximal (MI proximal ) and distal (MI distal ) forelimb regions of the primary motor cortex (MI) and the forelimb region of the supplementary motor area (SMA). Cortical inputs to putaminal neurons were identified by excitatory orthodromic responses to stimulation of these motor cortices. Then, neuronal activity was recorded during the performance of a goaldirected reaching task with delay. Putaminal neurons with inputs from the MI and SMA showed different activity patterns, i.e., movementand delay-related activity, during task performance. MI-recipient neurons increased activity in response to arm-reach movements, whereas SMA-recipient neurons increased activity during delay periods, as well as during movements. The activity pattern of MI ϩ SMA-recipient neurons was of an intermediate type between those of MI-and SMA-recipient neurons. Approximately one-half of MI proximal -, SMA-, and MI ϩ SMA-recipient neurons changed activities before the onset of movements, whereas a smaller number of MI distal -and MI proximal ϩ distal -recipient neurons did. Movementrelated activity of MI-recipient neurons was modulated by target directions, whereas SMA-and MI ϩ SMA-recipient neurons had a lower directional selectivity. MI-recipient neurons were located mainly in the ventrolateral part of the caudal aspect of the putamen, whereas SMA-recipient neurons were located in the dorsomedial part. MI ϩ SMA-recipient neurons were found in between. The present results suggest that a subpopulation of putaminal neurons displays specific activity patterns depending on motor cortical inputs. Each subpopulation receives convergent or nonconvergent inputs from the MI and SMA, retains specific motor information, and sends it to the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra through the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia. basal ganglia; striatum; motor control; single-unit recording THE PRIMATE STRIATUM, composed of the putamen, the caudate nucleus, and the ventral striatum, is a main input station of the basal ganglia and receives neural signals from wide areas of the cerebral cortex. Every single striatal projection neuron is estimated to receive diverse inputs from ϳ750 to 7,500 cortical neurons (Bennet and Wilson 2000), and thus cortical information is massively integrated within the striatum. The activity of striatal projection neurons is strongly modulated by local interneurons that also receive cortical inputs (Tepper et al. 2008). The projection neurons finally send processed signals to the external and internal segments of the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra pars reticulata through the ...

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“…The dorsal striatum receives glutamate inputs [42,77] from virtually all sensory and motor regions of the cerebral cortex [64,68,71,78,107]. Neurons in the dorsolateral striatum (putamen) fire in relation to the movement of particular body parts [5,23,30,31,81,121], and in some cases particular joints [2,5,31].…”

Section: Da Activity Gates the Throughput Of Sensorimotor And Incentimentioning

confidence: 99%