Cortical Volume and Thickness in Youth Several Years After Concussion

Zivanovic, Nikola; Virani, Shane; Rajaram, Alysha A; Lebel, Catherine; Yeates, Keith Owen; Brooks, Brian L.

doi:10.1177/0883073820962930

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…However, an overall increase in cerebral microbleeds may not have been present acutely after concussion in the sample, as studies investigating pediatric concussion and cerebral microbleeds at acute time points have been sparse and have yielded mixed findings. 14 , 17 Additionally, a diffusion tensor imaging 36 and a cortical morphometry study 37 conducted in the same sample as the present study both found no group differences between youth with a history of concussion and those with a history of orthopedic injury years after injury. Taking all studies into account, no overall structural abnormalities are apparent for this sample approximately 2.5 years after pediatric concussion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Susceptibility-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Microbleeds in Pediatric Concussion

et al. 2021

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Objective: The long-term consequences of pediatric concussion on brain structure are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the presence and clinical significance of cerebral microbleeds several years after pediatric concussion. Methods: Children and adolescents 8-19 years of age with either a history of concussion (n = 35), or orthopedic injury (n = 20) participated. Mean time since injury for the sample was 30.4 months (SD = 19.6). Participants underwent susceptibility-weighted imaging, rated their depression and postconcussion symptoms, and completed cognitive testing. Parents of participants also completed symptom ratings for their child. Hypointensities in susceptibility-weighted images indicative of cerebral microbleeds were calculated as a measure of hypointensity burden. Results: Hypointensity burden did not differ significantly between participants with a history of concussion and those with a history of orthopedic injury. Depression ratings (self and parent report), postconcussion symptom ratings (self and parent report), and cognitive performance did not significantly correlate with hypointensity burden in the concussion group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that at approximately 2.5 years postinjury, children and adolescents with prior concussion do not have a greater amount of cerebral microbleeds compared to those with orthopedic injury. Future research should use longitudinal study designs and investigate children with persistent postconcussive symptoms to gain better insight into the long-term effects of concussion on cerebral microbleeds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Susceptibility-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Microbleeds in Pediatric Concussion

et al. 2021

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“…Of these studies, 9 included cortical thickness or brain volumetric properties as a part of their objectives and subsequent findings. [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] Regions of interest consisted of whole brain (n = 6), localized regions, including the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right inferior parietal lobes, or subcortical regions in frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes (n = 2), or unspecified (n = 1; see Table 1 for full region of interest details). Five studies reported significant findings, whereas 4 studies did not find any differences between youth with PPCS and controls.…”

Section: Cortical Thickness and Volumetric Properties (T1 T2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review of Magnetic Resonance Modalities Used in Detection of Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms in Pediatric Populations

et al. 2022

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Up to 30% of youth with concussion experience PPCSs (PPCS) lasting 4 weeks or longer, and can significantly impact quality of life. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to increase understanding of causal mechanisms underlying PPCS. However, there are no clear modalities to assist in detecting PPCS. This scoping review aims to synthesize findings on utilization of MRI among children and youth with PPCS, and summarize progress and limitations. Thirty-six studies were included from 4907 identified papers. Many studies used multiple modalities, including (1) structural (n = 27) such as T1-weighted imaging, diffusion weighted imaging, and susceptibility weighted imaging; and (2) functional (n = 23) such as functional MRI and perfusion-weighted imaging. Findings were heterogeneous among modalities and regions of interest, which warrants future reviews that report on the patterns and potential advancements in the field. Consideration of modalities that target PPCS prediction and sensitive modalities that can supplement a biopsychosocial approach to PPCS would benefit future research.

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“…It is possible that previous studies did not observe alterations in brain microstructure following mTBI because they failed to assess what may constitute the most vulnerable region of injury, and that is the GM/WM boundary. This may also explain why some individuals with mTBI exhibit post-concussive symptoms despite any visible signs of tissue alteration in either the deep WM [ 23 ] or the cortex [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Outcome Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Is Associated with Microstructure Alterations at the Gray and White Matter Boundary

Pankatz,

Rojczyk,

Seitz-Holland

et al. 2023

JCM

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The gray matter/white matter (GM/WM) boundary of the brain is vulnerable to shear strain associated with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). It is, however, unknown whether GM/WM microstructure is associated with long-term outcomes following mTBI. The diffusion and structural MRI data of 278 participants between 18 and 65 years of age with and without military background from the Department of Defense INTRuST study were analyzed. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was extracted at the GM/WM boundary across the brain and for each lobe. Additionally, two conventional analytic approaches were used: whole-brain deep WM FA (TBSS) and whole-brain cortical thickness (FreeSurfer). ANCOVAs were applied to assess differences between the mTBI cohort (n = 147) and the comparison cohort (n = 131). Associations between imaging features and post-concussive symptom severity, and functional and cognitive impairment were investigated using partial correlations while controlling for mental health comorbidities that are particularly common among military cohorts and were present in both the mTBI and comparison group. Findings revealed significantly lower whole-brain and lobe-specific GM/WM boundary FA (p < 0.011), and deep WM FA (p = 0.001) in the mTBI cohort. Whole-brain and lobe-specific GM/WM boundary FA was significantly negatively correlated with post-concussive symptoms (p < 0.039), functional (p < 0.016), and cognitive impairment (p < 0.049). Deep WM FA was associated with functional impairment (p = 0.002). Finally, no significant difference was observed in cortical thickness, nor between cortical thickness and outcome (p > 0.05). Findings from this study suggest that microstructural alterations at the GM/WM boundary may be sensitive markers of adverse long-term outcomes following mTBI.

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Cortical Volume and Thickness in Youth Several Years After Concussion

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Susceptibility-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Microbleeds in Pediatric Concussion

Susceptibility-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of Microbleeds in Pediatric Concussion

A Scoping Review of Magnetic Resonance Modalities Used in Detection of Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms in Pediatric Populations

Adverse Outcome Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Is Associated with Microstructure Alterations at the Gray and White Matter Boundary

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