Cortical sources of the respiratory-related evoked potential

Leupoldt, Andreas von; Keil, Andreas; Chan, Pei-Ying S.; Bradley, Margaret M.; Lang, Peter; Davenport, Paul W.

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2009.12.006

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The hot spot locations for the PSEP P1 were all from posterior central or lateral placements. This is similar to what von Leupoldt and colleagues (2010) reported: the respiratory-related EP P1 cortical source was the centro-parietal region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Alterations in oropharyngeal sensory evoked potentials (PSEP) with Parkinson’s disease

Pitts

Wheeler-Hegland

Bolser

et al. 2016

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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Movement of a food bolus from the oral cavity into the oropharynx activates pharyngeal sensory mechanoreceptors. Using electroencephalography, somatosensory cortical-evoked potentials resulting from oropharyngeal mechanical stimulation (PSEP) have been studied in young healthy individuals. However, limited information is known about changes in processing of oropharyngeal afferent signals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). To determine if sensory changes occurred with a mechanical stimulus (air-puff) to the oropharynx, two stimuli (S1-first; S2-second) were delivered 500 ms apart. Seven healthy older adults (HOA; 3 male and 4 female; 72.2 +/− 6.9 years of age), and thirteen persons diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD; 11 male and 2 female; 67.2 +/− 8.9 years of age) participated. Results demonstrated PSEP P1, N1, and P2 component peaks were identified in all participants, and the N2 peak was present in 17/20 participants. Additionally, the PD participants had a decreased N2 latency and gated the P1, P2, and N2 responses (S2/S1 under 0.6). Compared to the HOAs, the PD participants had greater evidence of gating the P1 and N2 component peaks. These results suggest that persons with PD experience changes in sensory processing of mechanical stimulation of the pharynx to a greater degree than age-matched controls. In conclusion, the altered processing of sensory feedback from the pharynx may contribute to disordered swallow in patients with PD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Alterations in oropharyngeal sensory evoked potentials (PSEP) with Parkinson’s disease

Pitts

Wheeler-Hegland

Bolser

et al. 2016

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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“…Details on RREP measurement and data reduction with a comparable experimental set up have recently been described (von Leupoldt et al, 2010a, 2010b). Briefly, participants breathed via a mouthpiece through a breathing circuit consisting of a non-rebreathing valve (Hans Rudolph Inc., Kansas City, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The early RREP components Nf, P1 and N1 (< 130 ms post stimulus) reflect the initial arrival and first-order sensory processing of afferent respiratory signals in sensorimotor regions. The later components P2 and P3 (> 150 ms post stimulus) characterize subsequent higher-order cognitive processing in other associative cortical areas (Chan and Davenport, 2010; von Leupoldt et al, 2010a) and are vulnerable to cognitive processes not related to respiration per se such as attentional distraction or emotion processing (Davenport et al, 2007; Harver et al, 1995; Webster and Colrain, 2000; von Leupoldt et al, 2010b). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of anxiety on the neural processing of respiratory sensations

et al. 2011

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Previous studies demonstrated that anxiety considerably impacts the reported perceptions of respiratory sensations. A novel feature of the current study is exploring the impact of anxiety on the neural processing of respiratory sensations elicited by short inspiratory occlusions during different affective contexts. Using high-density EEG, respiratory-related evoked potentials (RREP) were recorded in 23 low and 23 matched higher anxious individuals when viewing unpleasant or neutral picture series. Low anxious individuals showed the expected pattern of reduced magnitudes of later RREP components P2 and P3 during the unpleasant compared to the neutral affective context (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). In contrast, higher anxious individuals showed greater magnitudes of P2 and P3 during the unpleasant compared to the neutral affective context (p's < 0.05). Moreover, higher anxiety levels were correlated with greater magnitudes for P2 (r = 0.44, p < 0.01) and P3 (r = 0.54, p < 0.001) during the unpleasant relative to the neutral affective context. Earlier components of the RREP (Nf, P1, N1) were not affected by anxiety. This study demonstrates that anxiety affects the later, higher-order neural processing of respiratory sensations, but not its earlier, first-order sensory processing. These findings might represent a neural mechanism that underlies the increased perception of respiratory sensations in anxious individuals.

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“…the inhalation of CO 2 -enriched air [28,29], or voluntary hyperventilation [30][31][32] to induce interoceptive fear. Respiratory-related evoked potentials are considered psychophysiological indicators of the cortical processing of afferent respiratory signals and thus represent an alternative to behavioural indicators of respiratory interoception; however, their determination is also based on respiratory occlusion events [33][34][35]. A common characteristic of these approaches is that their assessment provokes a highly uncommon and in many cases uncomfortable situation, thus limiting the ecological validity of findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory modulation of startle eye blink: a new approach to assess afferent signals from the respiratory system

Schulz

Schilling

Vögele

et al. 2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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One contribution of 16 to a theme issue 'Interoception beyond homeostasis: affect, cognition and mental health'. Current approaches to assess interoception of respiratory functions cannot differentiate between the physiological basis of interoception, i.e. visceralafferent signal processing, and the psychological process of attention focusing. Furthermore, they typically involve invasive procedures, e.g. induction of respiratory occlusions or the inhalation of CO 2 -enriched air. The aim of this study was to test the capacity of startle methodology to reflect respiratoryrelated afferent signal processing, independent of invasive procedures. Forty-two healthy participants were tested in a spontaneous breathing and in a 0.25 Hz paced breathing condition. Acoustic startle noises of 105 dB(A) intensity (50 ms white noise) were presented with identical trial frequency at peak and on-going inspiration and expiration, based on a new pattern detection method, involving the online processing of the respiratory belt signal. The results show the highest startle magnitudes during on-going expiration compared with any other measurement points during the respiratory cycle, independent of whether breathing was spontaneous or paced. Afferent signals from slow adapting phasic pulmonary stretch receptors may be responsible for this effect. This study is the first to demonstrate startle modulation by respiration. These results offer the potential to apply startle methodology in the non-invasive testing of interoception-related aspects in respiratory psychophysiology.This article is part of the themed issue 'Interoception beyond homeostasis: affect, cognition and mental health'.

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Cortical sources of the respiratory-related evoked potential

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Alterations in oropharyngeal sensory evoked potentials (PSEP) with Parkinson’s disease

Alterations in oropharyngeal sensory evoked potentials (PSEP) with Parkinson’s disease

The impact of anxiety on the neural processing of respiratory sensations

Respiratory modulation of startle eye blink: a new approach to assess afferent signals from the respiratory system

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