Cortical representation of facial and tongue movements: a task functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Abstract

The common areas within facial and tongue movements suggested the similar motor circuits of activation in both movements. Prior activation in tongue movement was situated laterally and inferiorly in sensorimotor area relative to facial movements. Prior activation of tongue movement was investigated in left superior parietal lobe relative to lip pursing. Also, prior activation in bilateral cuneus lobe in grinning compared with tongue movement was detected.

Effects of phenobarbital, potassium bromide and topiramate on intractable epilepsies in two cases of holoprosencephaly

“…Aside from the tonic seizures with upward gaze seen in other HPE cases (Supplementary Table S1), the present patients had vertical nystagmus, eyelid flutter, and a grinning facial appearance. Studies on physiological functions of normal brains as well as on ictal semiology in epilepsies not associated with brain malformations have revealed bilateral frontal eye field involvement in vertical nystagmus [13,14], eyelid flutter as a manifestation of frontal lobe epilepsy [15], and activation of bilateral, inferior-lateral somatosensory and cuneus cortex during voluntary grinning [16]. Although the anatomical correlates of these oculofacial motor behaviors within the dysplastic cortex remain unknown, these findings support the hypothesis that the ictal phenomena originate in the HPE's malformed forebrain.…”

Brain Cortex Activity in Children With Anterior Open Bite: A Pilot Study

“…It is well established that many functions of the tongue, such as deglutition and phonation ( Ludlow, 2015 ; Xiao et al, 2017 ), depend on brain cortex regulation. Brain cortical representation of these functions has previously been investigated ( Kober et al, 2015 ).…”