Cortical folding complexity is distinctively altered in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Trevisan, Nicolò; Miola, Alessandro; Cattarinussi, Giulia; Kubera, Katharina M.; Hirjak, Dušan; Sambataro, Fabio

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2022.01.037

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The results are limited and heterogeneous, but almost all studies reported the presence of global or regional FD alterations in the clinical population, suggesting the importance of further including this parameter in the neurobiological evaluation of these conditions. Moreover, it could also be useful to look at transdiagnostic alterations in FD, because they can provide evidence of different neurobiological substrates in disorders with a common clinical symptomatology, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (Trevisan et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical complexity estimation using fractal dimension: A systematic review of the literature on clinical and nonclinical samples

Meregalli

Alberti

Madan

et al. 2022

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Fractal geometry has recently been proposed as a useful tool for characterizing the complexity of the brain cortex, which is likely to derive from the recurrence of sulci-gyri convolution patterns. The index used to describe the cortical complexity is called fractal dimensional (FD) and was employed by different research exploring the neurobiological correlates of distinct pathological and nonpathological conditions. This review aims to describe the literature on the application of this index, summarize the heterogeneities between studies and inform future research on this topic. Sixty-two studies were included in the systematic review. The main research lines concern neurodevelopment, aging and the neurobiology of specific psychiatric and neurological disorders.Overall, the included papers indicate that cortical complexity is likely to reduce during aging and in various pathological processes affecting the brain.Nevertheless, the high heterogeneity between studies strongly prevents the possibility of drawing conclusions. Further research considering this index besides other morphological values is needed to better clarify the role of FD in characterizing the cortical structure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical complexity estimation using fractal dimension: A systematic review of the literature on clinical and nonclinical samples

Meregalli

Alberti

Madan

et al. 2022

Eur J of Neuroscience

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“…Interestingly, both GI and FD provide useful information on cognitive abilities due to their close relationship with innate intelligence and with developmental changes, respectively [ 15 , 16 ]. Furthermore, decreased FD has also been observed in several neuropsychiatric conditions associated with altered cognitive function [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-Based Cortical Measures in Multimodal Association Brain Regions Predict Chess Expertise

et al. 2022

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The complex structure of the brain supports high-order cognition, which is crucial for mastering chess. Surface-based measures, including the fractional dimension (FD) and gyrification index (GI), may be more sensitive in detecting cortical changes relative to volumetric indexes. For this reason, structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 29 chess experts and 29 novice participants were analyzed using the CAT12 toolbox. FD and GI for each brain region were compared between the groups. A multivariate model was used to identify surface-based brain measures that can predict chess expertise. In chess experts, FD is increased in the left frontal operculum (p < 0.01), and this change correlates with the starting age of chess practice (ρ = −0.54, p < 0.01). FD is decreased in the right superior parietal lobule (p < 0.01). Chess expertise is predicted by the FD in a network of fronto-parieto-temporal regions and is associated with GI changes in the middle cingulate gyrus (p < 0.01) and the superior temporal sulcus (p < 0.01). Our findings add to the evidence that chess expertise is based on the complex properties of the brain surface of a network of transmodal association areas important for flexible high-level cognitive functions. Interestingly, these changes are associated with long-lasting practice, suggesting that neuroplastic effects develop over time.

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Neural Correlates of the Risk for Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: A Meta-analysis of Structural and Functional Neuroimaging Studies

Cattarinussi

Kubera

Hirjak

et al. 2022

Biological Psychiatry

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Cortical folding complexity is distinctively altered in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Cortical complexity estimation using fractal dimension: A systematic review of the literature on clinical and nonclinical samples

Cortical complexity estimation using fractal dimension: A systematic review of the literature on clinical and nonclinical samples

Surface-Based Cortical Measures in Multimodal Association Brain Regions Predict Chess Expertise

Neural Correlates of the Risk for Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: A Meta-analysis of Structural and Functional Neuroimaging Studies

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