Cortical and Subcortical Gray Matter Volume in Youths With Conduct Problems

Rogers, Jack C.; Brito, Stéphane A. De

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.2423

Cited by 197 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

142

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Third, an externalizing factor, considered alone, was associated with reduced GMV in DPFC, OFC and MTL, consistent with past research with conduct and antisocial behavior problems which found GMV reductions in some prefrontal and limbic areas (Aoki, Inokuchi, & Nakao, 2013; Rogers & De Brito, 2016). Critically however, once common psychopathology was accounted for via the p factor, what is specific to externalizing was not associated with reduced GMV in any tested brain region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Distinct Patterns of Reduced Prefrontal and Limbic Gray Matter Volume in Childhood General and Internalizing Psychopathology

Snyder

Hankin

Sandman

et al. 2017

Clinical Psychological Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reduced grey matter volume (GMV) is widely implicated in psychopathology, but studies have found mostly overlapping areas of GMV reduction across disorders rather than unique neural signatures, potentially due to pervasive comorbidity. GMV reductions may be associated with broader psychopathology dimensions rather than specific disorders. We used an empirically supported bifactor model consisting of common psychopathology and internalizing- and externalizing-specific factors to evaluate whether latent psychopathology dimensions yield a clearer, more parsimonious pattern of GMV reduction in prefrontal and limbic/paralimbic areas implicated in individual disorders. A community sample of children (n=254, ages 6–10) was used to to evaluate whether GMV reductions could constitute early neural risk factors. The common psychopathology factor was associated with reduced GMV in prefrontal areas (dorsal, orbitofrontal, ventrolateral). The internalizing-specific factor was related to reduced GMV in limbic/paralimbic areas (hippocampus, amygdala, insula). No significant associations were found between GMV and the externalizing-specific factor after accounting for common psychopathology.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Distinct Patterns of Reduced Prefrontal and Limbic Gray Matter Volume in Childhood General and Internalizing Psychopathology

Snyder

Hankin

Sandman

et al. 2017

Clinical Psychological Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Out of four studies [24, 26, 30, 31], only one reported an association between amygdala reduction and violence in patients with schizophrenia. At the same time, decreased amygdala volume has been linked to a variety of mental disorders characterized by high aggression, including conduct disorder [59]; for a recent meta-analysis see [60] and psychopathy [61, 62]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomical Abnormalities in Violent Individuals with and without a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Several structural brain abnormalities have been associated with aggression in patients with schizophrenia. However, little is known about shared and distinct abnormalities underlying aggression in these subjects and non-psychotic violent individuals. We applied a region-of-interest volumetric analysis of the amygdala, hippocampus, and thalamus bilaterally, as well as whole brain and ventricular volumes to investigate violent (n = 37) and non-violent chronic patients (n = 26) with schizophrenia, non-psychotic violent (n = 24) as well as healthy control subjects (n = 24). Shared and distinct volumetric abnormalities were probed by analysis of variance with the factors violence (non-violent versus violent) and diagnosis (non-psychotic versus psychotic), adjusted for substance abuse, age, academic achievement and negative psychotic symptoms. Patients showed elevated vCSF volume, smaller left hippocampus and smaller left thalamus volumes. This was particularly the case for non-violent individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Furthermore, patients had reduction in right thalamus size. With regard to left amygdala, we found an interaction between violence and diagnosis. More specifically, we report a double dissociation with smaller amygdala size linked to violence in non-psychotic individuals, while for psychotic patients smaller size was linked to non-violence. Importantly, the double dissociation appeared to be mostly driven by substance abuse. Overall, we found widespread morphometric abnormalities in subcortical regions in schizophrenia. No evidence for shared volumetric abnormalities in individuals with a history of violence was found. Finally, left amygdala abnormalities in non-psychotic violent individuals were largely accounted for by substance abuse. This might be an indication that the association between amygdala reduction and violence is mediated by substance abuse. Our results indicate the importance of structural abnormalities in aggressive individuals.

show abstract

“…In line with individual reports, meta-analyses have summarized that brain regions commonly affected in conduct disorder are part of specific neural networks, specifically the emotion processing and regulation network (see figure 1) 18,19 . Brain areas within those networks are functionally and structurally interconnected with one another by anatomical white matter tracts consisting of abundant thin myelinated axons.…”

Section: Brain Connectivity In Conduct Disordermentioning

confidence: 77%

What can be learned from white matter alterations in antisocial girls.

Menks¹

2017

J Neurol Neuromedicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antisocial behavior in youths constitutes a major public health problem worldwide. Conduct disorder is a severe variant of antisocial behavior with higher prevalence rates for boys (12%) as opposed to girls (7%). A better understanding of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of conduct disorder is warranted to improve identification, diagnosis, or treatment. Functional and structural neuroimaging studies have indicated several key brain regions within the limbic system and prefrontal cortex that are altered in youths with conduct disorder. Examining the structural connectivity, i.e. white matter fiber tracts connecting these brain areas, may further inform about the underlying neural mechanisms. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a non-invasive technique that can evaluate the white matter integrity of fiber tracts throughout the brain. To date, DTI studies have found several white matter tracts that are altered in youths with conduct disorder. However, a majority of these studies have focused on male or mixed-gender groups, and only a few studies have specifically investigated white matter alterations in girls with conduct disorder. Ultimately, studies that directly compare boys and girls with conduct disorder are necessary to identify possible sexual dimorphic neural alterations and developmental trajectories of conduct disorder in youths.

show abstract

Cortical and Subcortical Gray Matter Volume in Youths With Conduct Problems

Cited by 197 publications

References 71 publications

Distinct Patterns of Reduced Prefrontal and Limbic Gray Matter Volume in Childhood General and Internalizing Psychopathology

Distinct Patterns of Reduced Prefrontal and Limbic Gray Matter Volume in Childhood General and Internalizing Psychopathology

Neuroanatomical Abnormalities in Violent Individuals with and without a Diagnosis of Schizophrenia

What can be learned from white matter alterations in antisocial girls.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About