Cortical and spinal adaptations induced by balance training: correlation between stance stability and corticospinal activation

Taube, Wolfgang; Grüber, Markus; Beck, Sandra; Faist, Michael; Gollhofer, Albert; Schubert, Martin

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2007.01665.x

Cited by 180 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(131 reference statements)

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“…Modulation of the H-reXex has been shown to be highly dependent on training and testing condition. The amplitude of the H-reXex increased following strength training (Aagaard et al 2002b), whereas H-reXexes was inhibited during short-term balance training and balance tasks (Llewellyn et al 1990;Taube et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The excitability of the trained limb's representational area in the primary motor cortex has been shown to increase with skill acquisition (upper limb; (Puttemans et al 2005), lower limb; (Schubert et al 1999;Taube et al 2007)). It is well known that training-induced changes in spinal reXex circuitry function are of importance for skill-acquisition and improved motor eYciency [for review see (Zehr 2002)].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of recreational soccer training and running on postural balance in untrained men

et al. 2010

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The aim of this study was to examine the effect of intense intermittent exercise performed as soccer training or interval running in comparison with continuous endurance running exercise on postural balance in young healthy untrained males. Young sedentary men were randomized to soccer training (SOC, n = 10), continuous running (RUN; n = 9), high-intensity interval running (INT; n = 7) or no training (CON; n = 9). Postural balance was evaluated pre and post 12 weeks of training using a 30-s single-leg stance test on a force plate (AMTI) to yield center of pressure (CoP) sway path and 1-min beam standing (Flamingo test). CoP sway length decreased by 18.2% (p < 0.01), 14.6% (p < 0.05) and 12.8% (p < 0.05) in SOC, INT and RUN, respectively. CoP sway area decreased in SOC (-30.2%; p < 0.01) and INT (-23.4%; p < 0.01) but remained unaffected in RUN. Acceleration parameters (Mean CoP acc, SD accX, SD accY) decreased in SOC only (17-19%, p < 0.05). All training groups demonstrated fewer falls (37-41%, p < 0.01) in the Flamingo test. No changes were observed in CON. Relationships (r > 0.40) were observed between pre-training values in CoP sway area versus muscle fiber area, explosive muscle strength and countermovement jump velocity. Postural control was improved in response to 12 weeks of soccer training and high-intensity interval running, respectively, while less-marked changes were observed following continuous running. Notably, the reduced variability in CoP acceleration after soccer training indicates that this training regimen may produce superior improvements in postural sensory-motor function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of recreational soccer training and running on postural balance in untrained men

et al. 2010

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“…The CPA division into two windows was performed to differentiate the reflex responses (Latash 2008). Furthermore, the interval used to calculate CPA1 (200 ms) permits to include short latency reflexes and long latency reflexes (Taube et al 2007).…”

Section: Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

More gain less pain: balance control learning shifts the activation patterns of leg and neck muscles and increases muscular parsimony

et al. 2015

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Athletes such as skaters or surfers maintain their balance on very unstable platforms. Remarkably, the most skilled athletes seem to execute these feats almost effortlessly. However, the dynamics that lead to the acquisition of a defined and efficient postural strategy are incompletely known. To understand the posture reorganization process due to learning and expertise, we trained twelve participants in a demanding balance/posture maintenance task for 4 months and measured their muscular activity before and after a (predictable) disturbance cued by an auditory signal. The balance training determined significant delays in the latency of participants' muscular activity: from largely anticipatory muscular activity (prior to training) to a mixed anticipatory-compensatory control strategy (after training). After training, the onset of activation was delayed for all muscles, and the sequence of activation systematically reflected the muscle position in the body from top to bottom: neck/upper body muscles were recruited first and in an anticipatory fashion, whereas leg muscles were recruited after the disturbance onset, producing compensatory adjustments. The resulting control strategy includes a mixture of anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments, with a systematic sequence of muscular activation reflecting the different demands of neck and leg muscles. Our results suggest that subjects learned the precise timing of the disturbance onset and used this information to deploy postural adjustments just-in-time and to transfer at least part of the control of posture from anticipatory to less-demanding feedback-based strategies. In turn, this strategy shift increases the cost-efficiency of muscular activity, which is a key signature of skilled performance.

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“…Balance training has been shown to improve balance performance in children, adults, elderly people, patients as well as in elite athletes (Heitkamp et al 2001;Hirsch et al 2003;Granacher et al 2006;Myer et al 2006;Yaggie and Campbell 2006;Taube et al 2007Taube et al , 2008McKeon et al 2009). The discussed mechanisms for an improved static and dynamic postural control following a period of balance training include spinal, supraspinal and cortical adaptations (Taube et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of balance training on neuromuscular function at rest and during isometric maximum voluntary contraction

et al. 2015

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Cortical and spinal adaptations induced by balance training: correlation between stance stability and corticospinal activation

Cited by 180 publications

References 57 publications

The effect of recreational soccer training and running on postural balance in untrained men

The effect of recreational soccer training and running on postural balance in untrained men

More gain less pain: balance control learning shifts the activation patterns of leg and neck muscles and increases muscular parsimony

Effect of balance training on neuromuscular function at rest and during isometric maximum voluntary contraction

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