Cortical and Hypothalamo-Limbic Control of Electrodermal Responses

Sequeira, Henrique; Roy, J.C.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2864-7_8

Cited by 41 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Startle potentiation and skin conductance increases to emotionally salient cues have been described as downstream effects of amygdala activation (15,16,75,76). The present findings of their coincident attenuation in chronic PTSD patients with cumulative trauma histories suggest deficient amygdalar recruitment during internally generated trauma recall that may extend to nontrauma-related contents nevertheless pertinent to the long-term posttraumatic presentation (i.e., anger, panic, physical danger).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aversive Imagery in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Trauma Recurrence, Comorbidity, and Physiological Reactivity

McTeague

Lang

Laplante

et al. 2010

Biological Psychiatry

215

177

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Background Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized as a disorder of exaggerated defensive physiological arousal. The novel aim of the present research was to investigate within PTSD a potential dose-response relationship between past trauma recurrence and current comorbidity and intensity of physiological reactions to imagery of trauma and other aversive scenarios. Methods A community sample of principal PTSD (n = 49; 22 single-trauma exposed, 27 multiple-trauma exposed) and control (n = 76; 46 never-trauma exposed, 30 trauma exposed) participants imagined threatening and neutral events while acoustic startle probes were presented and the eye-blink response (orbicularis occuli) was recorded. Changes in heart rate, skin conductance level, and facial expressivity were also indexed. Results Overall, PTSD patients exceeded control participants in startle reflex, autonomic responding, and facial expressivity during idiographic trauma imagery and, though less pronounced, showed heightened reactivity to standard anger, panic, and physical danger imagery. Concerning subgroups, control participants with and without trauma exposure showed isomorphic patterns. Within PTSD, only the single-trauma patients evinced robust startle and autonomic responses, exceeding both control participants and multiple-trauma PTSD. Despite greater reported arousal, the multiple-trauma relative to single-trauma PTSD group showed blunted defensive reactivity associated with more chronic and severe PTSD, greater mood and anxiety disorder comorbidity, and more pervasive dimensional dysphoria (e.g., depression, trait anxiety). Conclusions Whereas PTSD patients generally show marked physiological arousal during aversive imagery, concordant with self-reported distress, the most symptomatic patients with histories of severe, cumulative traumatization show discordant physiological hyporeactivity, perhaps attributable to sustained high stress and an egregious, persistent negative affectivity that ultimately compromises defensive responding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aversive Imagery in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Trauma Recurrence, Comorbidity, and Physiological Reactivity

McTeague

Lang

Laplante

et al. 2010

Biological Psychiatry

215

177

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mangina and Beuzeron-Mangina (1996), based on data collected from direct stimulation of intracerebral sites and simultaneous recording of SCRs, concluded that the latter are under the ipsilateral control of the amygdala, hippocampus and anterior cingulate gyrus. Hypothalamus also was proposed to be implicated in the ipsilateral regulation of emotional SCRs (Sequeira and Roy, 1993). Besides Rippon (1990), observed that increased EEG beta amplitude in one hemisphere corresponds to larger SCRs to cognitive tasks in the ipsilateral hand.…”

Section: Skin Conductance Responses To Visual Sexual Stimulimentioning

confidence: 97%

Skin conductance responses to visual sexual stimuli

Costa

Esteves

2008

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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“…68,69 Although making gender judgments about faces, the explicit requirement of the task we used, may also activate the amygdala, 70 this was a component of all conditions and is therefore unlikely to have accounted for the effect of CBD relative to placebo. The effect of CBD on activation was significant in the left, but not the right, amygdala.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%