Cortical activation changes associated with motor recovery in patients with precentral knob infarct

Jang, Sung Ho; Cho, Sang Hyun; Kim, Yun-Hee; Kwon, Yong-Hyun; Byun, Woo Mok; Lee, Se Jin; Park, Sung Min; Chang, Chul Hoon

doi:10.1097/00001756-200403010-00002

Cited by 52 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…7 The present data combined with the previous findings [2][3][4][5][6] suggest that ipsilateral motor tract is accountable, in part, for the mechanism of such an altered bihemispheric activation in the early stage of locomotor recovery. The enhanced SM1 activation in the affected hemisphere may be one common mechanism underlying motor recovery after stroke.…”

Section: Results Locomotor Function Datasupporting

confidence: 78%

“…1 In addition, several studies have been reported that cortical activities can change as motor recovery progresses in stroke patients. [2][3][4][5][6] The clarification of such a relationship is important because results of such studies could guide new rehabilitation strategies for stroke patients. The majority of these studies focused on the interval changes with the motor recovery of upper extremity, and little is known about the cortical activation changes concurrent with locomotor recovery in stroke patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of these studies focused on the interval changes with the motor recovery of upper extremity, and little is known about the cortical activation changes concurrent with locomotor recovery in stroke patients. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Therefore, we investigated cortical activity changes occurring during locomotor recovery after stroke, using fMRI.…”

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confidence: 99%

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MRI and EEG findings in Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

Keyrouz¹,

Labib²,

Sethi³

2006

Neurology

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Abstract-The authors investigated bihemispheric motor network reorganization supporting locomotor recovery after stroke over time. They determined longitudinal changes in locomotor function and fMRI in 10 stroke patients at the subacute stage and the chronic stage. The results suggest that the bihemispheric reorganization mechanism underlying locomotor recovery evolved from the ipsilateral (contralesional) primary sensorimotor cortex (SM1) activation at the subacute stage to the contralateral (ipsilesional) SM1 activation at the chronic stage. Since the introduction of functional neuroimaging techniques, the motor recovery mechanism for stroke patients has been elucidated. 1 In addition, several studies have been reported that cortical activities can change as motor recovery progresses in stroke patients. [2][3][4][5][6] The clarification of such a relationship is important because results of such studies could guide new rehabilitation strategies for stroke patients. The majority of these studies focused on the interval changes with the motor recovery of upper extremity, and little is known about the cortical activation changes concurrent with locomotor recovery in stroke patients. 2-7Therefore, we investigated cortical activity changes occurring during locomotor recovery after stroke, using fMRI.Methods. Subjects. We recruited 10 stroke patients (six men; mean age 50.0 years, SE ϭ 2.7) and age-matched eight normal control subjects (four men; mean age 51.8 years, SE ϭ 2.4). All subjects signed an ethical approval and informed consent form. Inclusion criteria for stroke patients were 1) first-ever stroke, 2) complete loss of muscle strength of the paretic lower extremity at the onset of stroke but recovered to the extent of the ability to move the leg against gravity at least 3 weeks post-stroke, and 3) good locomotor recovery from the subacute to the chronic stage (more than 2 grade on the Modified Motor Assessment Scale [MMAS]).Locomotor function evaluation. Standardized Motoricity Index (MI) (lower extremity only) and MMAS (walking item only) were used to determine locomotor function. MI is a measure of integrity of lower extremity motor function with a maximum score of 100. MMAS was used to assess locomotor function. Each item is scored on a scale from 0 (unable to stand or walk) to 6 (walk up and down four steps). The reliability and validity for the MI and MMAS are well established. 8,9 fMRI. fMRI was performed in stroke patients twice and control subjects once. The first fMRI for stroke patients was performed when the patients were able to extend the knee against gravity (average time, 5.4 weeks), and the second fMRI was performed at 6 months from onset. The subject's head, trunk, pelvis, and hip were secured to prevent any motion artifact using a customized immobilizing frame. The task involved sequential knee flexion-extension with a predetermined angle of 0 to 60 degrees at a metronome-controlled frequency of 0.5 Hz (cycle of 15 seconds of rest and 15 seconds of stimulus).The blood oxygenation level-dep...

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Section: Results Locomotor Function Datasupporting

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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MRI and EEG findings in Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

Keyrouz¹,

Labib²,

Sethi³

2006

Neurology

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“…Characteristics of the S1, the second largest source of CST fibers, which has DTI characteristics that are similar to those of the M1, appear to have an association with the high incidence of reorganization into the S1 following M1 infarct in patients with stroke. 10,[33][34][35] Several previous studies have reported the distribution of the CST origin in the cerebral cortex in primates. 11,12,14,17 In 1961,…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different Characteristics of the Corticospinal Tract According to the Cerebral Origin: DTI Study

Seo

Jang

2013

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…As recovery progresses, a return to physiological activity can in part be documented [94]. The latter pattern, however, holds true only in patients with ‘good’ reconvalescence [105], highlighting the necessity for more comprehensive motor control in the case of severely affected innervation.…”

Section: Phase Of Consolidation and The Chronic Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology of Stroke Rehabilitation: Temporal Aspects of Neurofunctional Recovery

2006

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Stroke almost always causes an impairment of motor activity and function. Clinical recovery, though usually incomplete, is often highly dynamic and reflects the ability of the neuronal network to adapt. Mechanisms that underlie neurofunctional plasticity are now beginning to be understood. Albeit the enormous efforts undertaken to support the natural course of reconvalescence through rehabilitation, little has been done to relate possible effects of these therapeutic approaches to mechanisms of adaptive pathophysiology. The review presented here focuses on these mechanisms during the course of recovery poststroke. Next to an unmasking of latent network representations, other adaptive processes, such as excitatory metabolic stress, an imbalance in activating and inhibiting transmission, leading to salient hyperexcitability or mechanisms that consolidate novel connections prime the system’s plastic capabilities. These pathophysiological processes potentially interact with rehabilitative interventions. They therefore form the foundation of positive, but possibly also negative recuperation under therapy.

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Cortical activation changes associated with motor recovery in patients with precentral knob infarct

Cited by 52 publications

References 22 publications

MRI and EEG findings in Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

MRI and EEG findings in Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease

Different Characteristics of the Corticospinal Tract According to the Cerebral Origin: DTI Study

Pathophysiology of Stroke Rehabilitation: Temporal Aspects of Neurofunctional Recovery

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