Corrosion studies of stainless steel 304 L in nitric acid in the presence of uranyl nitrate: effect of temperature and nitric acid concentration

Badet, Hugues; Poineau, Frédéric

doi:10.1007/s42452-020-2273-7

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Similarly, previous work by Badet and Poineau showed that the corrosion potential remained within the passive domain for 304L stainless steel held at 45 °C in 8 M HNO 3 for 6 months, with only minor levels of grain boundary etching observed. 18 Despite the lower acidity of the system used in this study, comparable levels of grain boundary etching were seen after 270 days. To understand why this occurred, electrochemical potentiodynamic studies were carried out at 50 °C to compare the corrosion potential of the Magnox simulant solution as well as a 1 M HNO 3 reference solution (without contaminants present).…”

Section: Long-term Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Some studies have similarly explored contamination of stainless steels with simulant aqueous solutions, either from reprocessing facilities or from reactor primary coolant circuits, but with shorter exposure times and lower temperatures. − The simulant studies placed greater focus on contaminant speciation identification, presenting a possible opportunity for comparison in this study, despite the different experimental conditions. Other literature studies have focused solely on single-element contamination of stainless steel in non-competing systems, − whilst other work suggests that more complex multi-element systems can behave very differently …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a Multi-technique Characterization Portfolio for Stainless Steels Exposed to Magnox Reprocessing Liquors

Barton,

Denman,

Grebennikova

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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AISI Type 304 stainless steel coupons have been exposed to a simulant aqueous environment representative of the Magnox Reprocessing Plant (MRP) at Sellafield, UK. The experiments were performed for extended time periods (up to 420 days) at elevated temperatures to develop a comprehensive understanding of the extent, nature, and depth of contamination for pipework and vessels in Magnox spent nuclear fuel reprocessing environments. This will inform upcoming decommissioning work which represents a major post-operational challenge. Previous relevant literature has focused on developing fundamental understanding of contamination mechanisms of stainless steels in simplistic, single-element systems, which lack elements of industrial relevance. Contamination behavior is expected to be drastically different in these more complex environments. A characterization portfolio has been developed to enable detailed assessment of corrosion and contamination behavior in acidic reprocessing environments. Solution, surface, and depth analysis determined that uptake was dominated by the elements present in highest concentrations within the environment, namely, Mg, Nd, and Cs. Most contaminants were incorporated into a relatively thin surface oxide layer (<100 nm) in metal oxide form, although there were some exceptions (Cs and Sr). Grain boundary etching was present despite very low corrosion rates (3 μm year −1 ). As a result of this lack of corrosion, diffusion of contaminants beyond the immediate surface (10− 20 nm) did not occur, evidenced through depth profiling. As a result of these findings, surface-based decontamination techniques minimizing excess secondary waste generation can be further developed in order to reduce the environmental and economic burden associated with decommissioning activities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Long-term Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 65%