Corrosion Protection of Mild Steel by a Calcite Layer

Keysar, S.; Hasson, David; Semiat, Rafi; Bramson, Dan

doi:10.1021/ie9602771

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Several other additional geochemical factors can be important in inhibiting corrosion of Fe metal. These include the presence of dissolved silica (Amaral and Muller 1999), carbonate and bicarbonate (Sutcliffe et al 1972;Stiksma and Bradford 1985;Mao et al 1994;Keyser et al 1997;Al-Hassan et al 1998;Qiao et al 1998;Adamy and Cala 1999), and soluble organic materials (Malik 1995). The presence of dissolved silica promotes the formation of a hydrous gel-like Fe-Si film on the surface of the metal, which acts to enhance corrosion resistance (Amaral and Muller 1999).…”

Section: Could Feni Metal Grains Survive Asteroidal Parent Body Altementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of dissolved silica promotes the formation of a hydrous gel-like Fe-Si film on the surface of the metal, which acts to enhance corrosion resistance (Amaral and Muller 1999). Corrosion resistance is also facilitated by the occurrence of CO 2 , HCO − 3 , CO 2− 3 , which all contribute to the formation of FeCO 3(aq) bicarbonate (Sutcliffe et al 1972;Stiksma and Bradford 1985;Mao et al 1994;Malik 1995;Keyser et al 1997;Al-Hassan et al 1998;Qiao et al 1998;Adamy and Cala 1999). All of these constituents are available and certainly mobile in CM2 chondrites during aqueous alteration.…”

Section: Could Feni Metal Grains Survive Asteroidal Parent Body Altementioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of micron‐sized Fe,Ni metal grains in fine‐grained rims in the Y‐791198 CM2 carbonaceous chondrite: Implications for asteroidal and preaccretionary models for aqueous alteration

Chizmadia

Schwappach

et al. 2008

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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available online at Abstract-The presence of apparently unaltered, micron-sized Fe,Ni metal grains, juxtaposed against hydrated fine-grained rim materials in the CM2 chondrite Yamato (Y-) 791198 has been cited as unequivocal evidence of preaccretionary alteration. We have examined the occurrence, composition, and textural characteristics of 60 Fe,Ni metal grains located in fine-grained rims in Y-791198 using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron microprobe analysis. In addition, three metal grains, prepared by focused ion beam (FIB) sample preparation techniques were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The metal grains are heterogeneously distributed within the rims. Electron microprobe analyses show that all the metal grains are kamacite with minor element contents (P, Cr, and Co) that lie either within or close to the range for other CM2 metal grains. X-ray maps obtained by electron microprobe show S, P, and/or Ca enrichments on the outermost parts of many of the metal grains. Z-contrast STEM imaging of FIB-prepared Fe,Ni metal grains show the presence of a small amount of a lower Z secondary phase on the surface of the grains and within indentations on the grain surfaces. Energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM) compositional mapping shows that these pits are enriched in oxygen and depleted in Fe relative to the metal. These observations are consistent with pitting corrosion of the metal on the edges of the grains and we suggest may be the result of the formation of Fe(OH) 2 , a common oxidation product of Fe metal. The presence of such a layer could have inhibited further alteration of the metal grains. These findings are consistent with alteration by an alkaline fluid as suggested by Zolensky et al. (1989), but the location of this alteration remains unconstrained, because Y-791198 was recovered from Antarctica and therefore may have experienced incipient terrestrial alteration. However, we infer that the extremely low degree of oxidation of the metal is inconsistent with weathering in Antarctica and that alteration in an extraterrestrial environment is more probable. Although the presence of unaltered or incipiently altered metal grains in these fine-grained rims could be interpreted as evidence for preaccretionary alteration, we suggest an alternative model in which metal alteration was inhibited by alkaline fluids on the asteroidal parent body.

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Section: Could Feni Metal Grains Survive Asteroidal Parent Body Altementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Could Feni Metal Grains Survive Asteroidal Parent Body Altementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of micron‐sized Fe,Ni metal grains in fine‐grained rims in the Y‐791198 CM2 carbonaceous chondrite: Implications for asteroidal and preaccretionary models for aqueous alteration

Chizmadia

Schwappach

et al. 2008

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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“…study has identified reduction of the pH in the cement paste pore solution due to the carbonation reaction as a major cause of the corrosion of steels in steel-reinforced concrete (7). Contrary to the adverse effects of carbonation on concrete, recent studies have found that carbonation of concrete increases the sequestration of hazardous waste, heavy metals, other inorganic pollutants, and even radioactive compounds (9)(10)(11)(12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Scanning Transmission X-Ray Microscopic Study of Carbonated Calcium Silicate Hydrate

Chae

Chou

et al. 2010

Transportation Research Record

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Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) is the main hydration product of portland cement. Studying the structural and chemical decomposition of C-S-H after carbonation is critical for determining the durability and serviceability of concrete. Recent studies showed that the mechanical properties are likely to be enhanced when mineral admixtures and polymers are introduced. So far, no molecular-level studies have been conducted on carbonated C-S-H material to clarify these effects. In this research, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) is used to study C-S-H modified with two organic polymers (hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium and polyethylene glycol 200) and exposed to different reaction times with CO2. STXM uses light in the soft X-ray region where a number of atomic resonances are present. By tuning the X-ray energies to a certain absorption edge, elemental and chemical identification was performed. The energy of the X-rays was tuned to the C K-edge, Ca L2,3-edge, and Si K-edge. Detailed images were also recorded with a lateral resolution of 30 nm. Structural, elemental, and chemical heterogeneities were spatially identified. Significant differences were found in carbon spectra in the atmospheric and 48-h continuous CO2-carbonated C-S-H samples, suggesting that carbon-containing precipitates formed within a C-S-H matrix differ depending on the extent of carbonation. Si K-edge spectra suggest increased polymerization of silicates depending on the duration of CO2 exposure. This study found that the degree of silicate polymerization and the coordination environment for carbon-containing mineral phases vary with the CO2 exposure level.

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“…Through the crossing point of the two extended cords from the straight‐line parts of the anode and cathode polarization curves, the corrosion potential, corrosion current density can be determined. Besides, the Tafel constants ba and bc of anode and cathode polarization curves separately reflect the process tendencies of anodic and cathodic reactions, and because of the linear correlation between the corrosion current density and the electrochemical corrosion rate, therefore the corrosion current density can be deemed as the symbol of the corrosiveness of sedimentary liquids to the steel coupons . The anode and cathode polarization curves with respect to the Q235 and 16MnR steel coupons steeped in the sedimentary liquid from hydro‐stabilizing feed oil are shown in Figure , and Table presents the relevant electrochemical parameters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of sedimentary liquids on internal bottom plate of tanks among coal liquefaction process

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2018

Process Safety Progress

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The leakage accidents due to the corrosion on the internal bottom plates occurred frequently in the tanks which are involved in the first commercial direct coal liquefaction production line. For comprehending the corrosion, the compositions of the sedimentary liquids from diesel, hydro‐upgrading feed oil, heavy solvent oil, thick condensed oil and hydro‐stabilizing feed oil are surveyed in the first place, the results show that all the sedimentary liquids are almost neutral; the cations and anions in all sedimentary liquids are the same; the majority of ions are Ca2+, Cl−, and SO42− in these five sedimentary liquids. Then the immersion and electrochemical tests are implemented, it is represented that corrosion of same sedimentary liquid on Q235 steel coupon is severer than that on 16MnR steel coupon; the sedimentary liquid from hydro‐stabilizing feed oil has the most violent causticity; all the corrosives may hold the Fe2CO3 and Fe2O3; the polarization behavior of Q235 steel in the sedimentary liquid from hydro‐stabilizing feed oil is similar to that of 16MnR steel. Finally, the influences of different ions on the corrosivity of sedimentary liquids are also investigated, it can be concluded that the 672‐h general corrosion rates of Q235 and 16MnR steel coupons in all sedimentary liquids increase with improve of Cl‐ content but decrease with rising of SO42− content; in the sedimentary liquids containing large numbers of Cl‐ and Ca2+, the Ca2+ is the definitely vital ion which deeply influences the corrosivity of sedimentary liquids. The achievement of this research work also can be applied in the prevention for corrosion formed on the internal bottom plates of tanks referred to the direct coal liquefaction process. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 37: 506–517, 2018

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Corrosion Protection of Mild Steel by a Calcite Layer

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Characterization of micron‐sized Fe,Ni metal grains in fine‐grained rims in the Y‐791198 CM2 carbonaceous chondrite: Implications for asteroidal and preaccretionary models for aqueous alteration

Characterization of micron‐sized Fe,Ni metal grains in fine‐grained rims in the Y‐791198 CM2 carbonaceous chondrite: Implications for asteroidal and preaccretionary models for aqueous alteration

Scanning Transmission X-Ray Microscopic Study of Carbonated Calcium Silicate Hydrate

Corrosion of sedimentary liquids on internal bottom plate of tanks among coal liquefaction process

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