Corrosion products of carbonation induced corrosion in existing reinforced concrete facades

Köliö, Arto; Honkanen, Mari; Lahdensivu, Jukka; Vippola, Minnamari; Pentti, Matti

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.07.009

Cited by 63 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…This failure should not be the depassivation due to its difficulties encountered in practice regarding the detection of depassivation. The proposal of the authors is to use a certain corrosion depth as the end of service life criterion, for example, P corr = 50 to 100 μm 30,31 for general corrosion and 500 to 1,000 μm for pitting depth. The justification of these values is beyond the scope of this article.…”

Section: Concrete Cover Cracking 3 Steel/concrete Bond Deteriorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation period modeling and limit state of degradation

Andrade

Izquierdo

2020

Structural Concrete

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In the present MC 2010 the propagation period, addressing degradation processes, was not included said due to the lack of data to allow for a sound validation. However, taking account of the propagation period is essential for the assessment of existing reinforced concrete structures. In addition, considering the propagation period is relevant for the probabilistic definition of the service life, as a certain amount of degradation should be produced to result in a condition not fulfilling the design requirements. Regarding reinforcement corrosion, in the present work the model of Tuutti is generalized to nonconstant corrosion rates by considering a sequence of periods with each having a constant corrosion rate. Possible models for the calculation of the time to cracking are commented, together with the consideration of a possible limit state related to damage level. Regarding other of deterioration processes related to the concrete material itself, attempts to model these have been very limited and much less attention has been paid to characterize their rate. These processes include: alkali-silica reaction or sulfate attack, acid or leaching by pure waters and frost attack. In the present article, such attacks are modeled through an initiation period followed by a propagation period. Their rate of deterioration can either be considered constant or also as a sequence of shorter consecutive linear time periods.

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Section: Concrete Cover Cracking 3 Steel/concrete Bond Deteriorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation period modeling and limit state of degradation

Andrade

Izquierdo

2020

Structural Concrete

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“…However, the problems have recently been minimized using various repair materials [30]. The Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) [26] and Köliö et al [32] have studied the effects of carbonation when finishing materials are used on concrete surfaces. Roy et al [33] and Huang et al [22] found that a sufficient thickness of the cement mortar as the surface finishing material could significantly reduce the carbonation depth because it increases the resistance to the ingress of CO 2 .…”

Section: Probabilistic Carbonation Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonation-Induced Corrosion Initiation Probability of Rebars in Concrete With/Without Finishing Materials

Lee

Min

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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The carbonation of concrete is the prime deterioration factor in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. During carbonation, the atmospheric CO2 penetrates the concrete and lowers its alkalinity. The problem in predicting carbonation is difficult to address, and a reliable probabilistic carbonation assessment is required to consider different variables such as the concrete quality, the chemistry of the reinforcing steel, and the quality of finishing materials. In the present study, we have used different finishing materials on concrete to minimize the effects of carbonation with a field survey and accelerated conditions. In one experiment, the measurement of the thickness of the concrete cover and the application of the finishing materials were done on-site, whereas, in the other experiment, these were done under accelerated conditions. The carbonation depth and the coefficient of silk wallpaper (SWP) were reduced by half in an accelerated 5% CO2 experiment compared to the plain ordinary Portland cement (OPC), owing to the external physical barrier that reduces the penetration of CO2 through the pores of the concrete. We found that carbonation did not reach the embedded rebar even after 100 years when SWP finishing material was used. The probability model predicted that 51 years would be required for OPC and water paint (WP) to reach a 30% onset of corrosion initiation through accelerated carbonation, while SWP would require 200 years.

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“…According to the results of their study, the tensile strength of concrete cover, the corrosion rate, and the elastic modulus of steel bars with corrosion products have a significant effect on the models for time-to-corrosion cracking of concrete cover and for the weight loss of steel bars. In addition, the concrete cracking induced by corrosion has been widely investigated through experimental and numerical studies, focusing on the influences of corrosion expansion pressure on RC [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Expansion pressure is caused by expanding corrosion products which have grown around steel bars, which is also a primary factor for the cracking behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Investigation on Lateral Confinement Effects on Concrete Cracking Induced by Rebar Corrosion

et al. 2020

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Accelerated corrosion tests of reinforced concrete (RC) specimens were conducted to estimate the corrosion expansion rate of reinforcing bars. Subsequently, finite element analysis was performed with the estimated expansion rate for RC beams to investigate concrete cracking induced by corrosion. The influence of the different confinement levels on crack behavior was investigated using mainly the amount of transverse reinforcement. An expansion rate of 2 was found to be appropriate when using Lundgren’s expansion model. Confinement levels affected the cracking behavior of steel bars. Cracks did not significantly affect structural capacity although they exceeded the allowable crack width. Nevertheless, repair and reinforcement measures are necessary because degrading durability factors such as carbonation or salt diffusion can reach the reinforcing bars through connected cracks.

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Corrosion products of carbonation induced corrosion in existing reinforced concrete facades

Cited by 63 publications

References 20 publications

Propagation period modeling and limit state of degradation

Propagation period modeling and limit state of degradation

Carbonation-Induced Corrosion Initiation Probability of Rebars in Concrete With/Without Finishing Materials

Numerical Investigation on Lateral Confinement Effects on Concrete Cracking Induced by Rebar Corrosion

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