Corrosion of carbon steel in clay compact environments at 90 °C: Effect of confined conditions

Schlegel, Michel L.; Martin, Frantz; Fenart, M.; Blanc, Cécile; Varlet, Jérôme; Foy, Eddy

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2021.109368

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Such values are in good agreement with literature data obtained in anoxic conditions and at near neutral pH, using ultrapure deaerated water [23], synthetic clay/granitic porewater [7][8], or numerical simulation with porewater [24], for greater time scales.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Throughout the duration of the operational phase of the project and long after the closure of the disposal facility, several corrosion processes are expected to occur in a series of distinct environments (i.e., in oxic or anoxic conditions, in contact with liquid or vapour phase solution, in contact with solution whose chemical composition evolves over time due to the continuous percolation of clayey porewater through the bentonitic cement grout material) which will gradually impair the carbon steel and finally induce mechanical failure of the metallic component [5]. Predominant over the long term, carbon steel anoxic 3 corrosion process will progressively attack the metallic elements, with a mean corrosion rate value between 0.1-10 μm year -1 [3,[6][7][8]. Under these conditions, iron will interact with water to produce ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH)2) and hydrogen gas (H2):…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this beneficial phenomenon is always accompanied by the production of H2 gas whose accumulation may significantly affect mid-and long-term safety of the disposal facility. On the one hand, its high flammable and explosive properties represent a risk during the operational phase and on the other hand, the consequent overpressure is liable to lead to incomplete saturation of bentonite sealing plugs aiming at mitigating the migration of radionuclides through disposal installation [5][6][7][8][9]. In addition, it is noteworthy that all these corrosion processes will take place on carbon steel component exposed to ionizing radiations originating from nuclear waste.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Impact of γ-radiation on carbon steel anaerobic corrosion and H2 production.”

Giannakandropoulou

Desjonquères

Wittebroodt

et al. 2023

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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“Impact of γ-radiation on carbon steel anaerobic corrosion and H2 production.”

Giannakandropoulou

Desjonquères

Wittebroodt

et al. 2023

Radiation Physics and Chemistry

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“…Such environments include water with strongly alkaline pHs and solutions containing certain anions such as carbonates/bicarbonates, chromates and halides. Similar anoxic crevice conditions are also expected to be developed during the long term storage of high-level radioactive waste in the deep repository disposal site boreholes lined with metallic canisters of stainless steel or low alloy carbon steel) embedded in clay [22 24].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry conditions and corrosion behaviour in simulated crevices of alloy steel

Rajesh

Chandran

Subramanian

et al. 2022

Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology

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Control and mitigating crevice corrosion demand a thorough understanding of the prevailing chemistry conditions inside the crevice. To match and predict the dynamics in chemistry conditions occurring inside a crevice appropriately, good crevice models necessitate extensive experimental data. This paper presents the accurate determination of the ionic species in the minute volume of crevice solution and redox potential measurements in fabricated simulated crevices of different dimensions/geometry in different stainless steel alloys. Crevice geometries fabricated from carbon steel (CS) 106 B and stainless steel (SS) 316 materials were exposed to varying water chemistry conditions in a static autoclave at high temperatures. The change in pH, conductivity, ionic concentrations, electrochemical potential and effectof corrosion inhibitors inside the crevice were monitored after exposure in an alkaline medium with and without chloride. Bulk solution pH showed a reduction in alkalinity, conductivity and enhancement in anion concentrations. About 58 times increase in Cl − was measured.

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“…Several studies, undertaken within the scientific framework of international institutions [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], have investigated the corrosion assessment of carbon steels in clay environments. Nevertheless, the corrosion rate is clay-specific, as it depends upon several factors, including temperature, pH, redox conditions, clay and clay pore water composition, water salinity, porosity and hydraulic conductivity, flow rate, bacterial species, etc.…”

Section: Short Review On Corrosion Assessment Studies Of Various Carb...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Current Density of API 5L X65 Carbon Steel in Contact with Natural Callovian-Oxfordian Clay Pore Water, Assessed by Various Electrochemical Methods over 180 Days

Moyeme

Betelu

Bertrand

et al. 2023

Metals

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Near-neutral pH and a low redox potential are considered favorable conditions for immobilizing radionuclides in deep repository systems within clay formations. Cigeo is the future French Industrial Center for Geological Disposal for high- and intermediate-level long-lived radioactive waste, to be built at a depth of 500 m within the Callovian–Oxfordian clay. In-depth knowledge of the mechanisms and kinetics of corrosion occurring on the surface of API 5L X65 (X65) carbon steel tubing is essential for the reversible nuclear waste management of the Cigeo site. By using all-solid and robust handmade electrodes in addition to electrochemical and gravimetric techniques, we determined the corrosion phenomenology and kinetics of X65 in contact with natural Cox pore water in equilibrium with its rock gases, flowing continuously through a multi-parameter probe device and placed at a depth of 500 m at the Bure Underground Research Laboratory, for over 180 days. Two iron oxidants were encountered, namely, depleted dioxygen (O2) and proton H(I), accompanied by hydrogen sulfide. Corrosion mechanisms and kinetics were well established for the two X65 electrodes, whether electrochemically perturbed or not. The corrosion thickness loss rates, determined by both electrochemical and gravimetric techniques, were between 0.016 and 0.032 mm/year. This study demonstrates, on site, the reliability of a developed methodology for continuous monitoring of the corrosion kinetics of the API 5L X65 carbon steel at the same time as the temporal variation of the key geochemical parameters of the fluid was assessed.

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Corrosion of carbon steel in clay compact environments at 90 °C: Effect of confined conditions

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

“Impact of γ-radiation on carbon steel anaerobic corrosion and H2 production.”

“Impact of γ-radiation on carbon steel anaerobic corrosion and H2 production.”

Chemistry conditions and corrosion behaviour in simulated crevices of alloy steel

Corrosion Current Density of API 5L X65 Carbon Steel in Contact with Natural Callovian-Oxfordian Clay Pore Water, Assessed by Various Electrochemical Methods over 180 Days

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