Corrosion behaviour of Al-added high Mn austenitic steels in molten lead bismuth eutectic with saturated and low oxygen concentrations at 450 ℃

Research Progress of Alumina-Forming Austenitic Stainless Steels: A Review

“…Y. Yamamoto et al [ 42 ] and Dong et al [ 49 ] designed AFA steels consisting of low nickel and high manganese, or high chromium based on Fe-22Cr-25Ni alloy using ThermoCalc. On the other hand, ThermoCalc can be used to analyze the nitriding depth [ 50 ], the volume fraction of precipitates [ 51 ] and predict the corrosion resistance of AFA alloy in the liquid lead environment [ 52 ].…”

“…Furthermore, Trotter et al [ 76 ], Bingbing Zhao et al [ 28 ] and Min-Ho Jang et al [ 94 ] all found that pre-strain could make the second phases precipitate earlier and the grains finer despite the Laves phase, B2, MC and L12 ordered phase compared with the unstrained materials. Lu et al [ 51 ] also pointed out that Laves phase precipitated earlier at the position of dislocations in comparison with the σ phase in ferritic steel when aging below 1073 K. Furthermore, Chenchen Jiang et al found that the reason for grain refinement by pre-strain was the formation of most of LAGBs [ 69 ]. In Figure 7 b,c,e,f, for the Fe-20Cr-30Ni-2Nb-5Al (at.…”

“…Recently, Lingzhi Chen et al found that for Fe-18Ni-16Cr-4Al-base AFA steel, there was more obvious lead penetration and nickel dissolution with an oxygen content of 10 −9 % than the oxygen content of 10 −6 % because in the liquid lead with oxygen content of 10 −6 %, a protective oxide scale was formed [ 64 ]. In addition, Haoran Wang et al concluded that in a low oxygen concentration environment, Al-added high manganese AFA steel formed an alumina protective scale in molten LBE, and its corrosion performance increased with the increase of aluminum content [ 51 ]. These studies indicate that low-nickel AFA steels or Ni-free AFA steels have a promising application prospect in liquid lead or LBE solution.…”

A Review of the Surface Modifications for Corrosion Mitigation of Steels in Lead and LBE

“…Since nickel is a critical element of stainless steels regarding corrosion, Wang et al [83] paid attention to the corrosion behavior of Al-added high manganese steels, since manganese is known to stabilize the austenitic structure, as nickel does. They investigated 21.5% Mn 1% Cr steels with 5%, 6%, and 7% of aluminum in saturated oxygen LBE or low oxygen LBE (down to 1.6 × 10 −8 wt.%) at 450 • C for 430 h. They showed that the oxide layer was not protective against saturated oxygen LBE but became protective in low oxygen LBE.…”

Alumina-Forming Austenitic (AFA) steels and aluminium-based coating on 15-15 Ti steel to limit mechanical damage in presence of liquid lead-bismuth eutectic and liquid lead

“…Among the solutions explored over the past 10 years [6], one of the most promising seems to be the presence of a layer of alumina on the surface of steels, because of its stability whatever the oxygen content in the liquid metal [1]. Two types of solution have been proposed: 1. the development of Al2O3 coating to protect the steel [7][8][9], 2. the development of adapted steels containing aluminum to promote the insitu formation of a stable and protective Al2O3 oxide layer [3,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Note that concerning the coatings, one of the problems could be the damage of the steel in the case of surface deterioration of the coating (cracking, wear, scaling, delamination, dissolution).…”