Corrosion and odor management in sewer systems

Jiang, Guangming; Sun, Jing; Sharma, Keshab; Yuan, Zhiguo

doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2015.03.007

Cited by 126 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Questions arise on the choice of slopes. Not only hydraulic or topographical conditions should be taken into account, because low slopes could favor hydraulic retention times and increase H 2 S production favoring corrosion of concrete pipes (Jiang et al, 2015). On the other hand, it is possible that pipes near the river could be exposed to higher phreatic levels during rainy seasons depending on soil type and permeability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical characteristics of pipes as indicators of structural state for decision-making considerations in sewer asset management

2016

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Sewer deterioration is a problem that affects many cities of the world. This affects the structural state of the sewer systems, as well as its hydraulic capacity and the service level. As a consequence, the sewer system stakeholders are working on the development of a proactive sewer management to make decision in time and avoid public emergencies. Therefore, the objective of this work was to predict the variable state using a clustering algorithm (k-means) in Bogotá's sewer pipes based on its physical characteristics. Among the most representative results was to find a relationship between pipes' characteristics and their structural state (chi-squared). Furthermore, the slope and ground level variables were the most related ones to the state of the pipes. The detected relationships are linear and can be used to make management decisions when pipes are clustered and the clusters are mapped on a principal component plane.Keywords: k-means, sewer asset management, cluster analysis, principal components analysis (PCA), proactive sewer management, sewer pipes, structural pipes state, Bogota's sewer system. RESUMENEl deterioro de los sistemas de alcantarillado es un problema que afecta a las ciudades, no solo en su estado estructural sino también en su capacidad hidráulica y nivel de servicio. En consecuencia, los encargados del sistema de alcantarillado están trabajando en el desarrollo de una gestión proactiva para tomar decisiones a tiempo y evitar emergencias públicas. Es por esto que el objetivo de este trabajo fue predecir la condición de las tuberías en la ciudad de Bogotá utilizando algoritmos tipo cluster (k -means), para discriminar las tuberías que tienen buena condición estructural de las que no. Entre los resultados más sobresalientes se encontró una relación entre las características estructurales de las tuberías y su estado (prueba Chi -cuadrado) siendo la pendiente y la profundidad las variables más relacionadas con el estado de las tuberías. Adicionalmente, estas relaciones encontradas resultaron lineales al agrupar las tuberías en un plano de componentes principales.Palabras clave: k-means, gestión de sistemas de alcantarillado, cluster, análisis de componentes principales (ACP), gestión proactiva de alcantarillados, tuberías de alcantarillado, condición estructural de tuberías de alcantarillado, sistema de alcantarillado de Bogotá.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical characteristics of pipes as indicators of structural state for decision-making considerations in sewer asset management

2016

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“…Although there are volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from the wastewater to the sewer gas, the concentrations are actually low at ppb to ppm levels or even less (Corsi et al, 1995; Quigley and Corsi, 1995; Chan and Hanaeus, 2006; Wu et al, 2006; Huang et al, 2012; Decottignies et al, 2013; Sivret et al, 2016). The smell of sewer gas is mainly caused by H 2 S (Jiang et al, 2015a; Sivret et al, 2016). This sewer gas phase H 2 S is a potential key energy source for chemolithotrophic sulfur oxidizing bacteria.…”

Section: Concrete Corrosion In the Sewer Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are obligate chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. The initial activity of NSOM on the sewer surface provides suitable conditions for subsequent colonization by ASOM (Mild et al, 1983; Islander et al, 1991; Davis et al, 1998; Okabe et al, 2007; Jiang et al, 2015a). …”

Section: Concrete Corrosion In the Sewer Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corrosion damage to sewers leads to premature replacement or rehabilitation which are estimated to cost several billion dollars every year globally (Pikaar et al, 2014; Jiang et al, 2015a). In addition, as hydrogen sulfide is toxic to humans and corrosive, the structural failure that emerges can cause damage to adjacent infrastructure, property and potentially to citizens (Jiang et al, 2015a). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Ecology of Acidophilic Microorganisms in the Corroding Concrete Sewer Environment

Kappler

Jiang

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

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Concrete corrosion is one of the most significant problems affecting valuable sewer infrastructure on a global scale. This problem occurs in the aerobic zone of the sewer, where a layer of surface corrosion develops on the exposed concrete and the surface pH is typically lowered from around 11–10 (pristine concrete) to pH 2–4. Acidophilic microorganisms become established as biofilms within the concrete corrosion layer and enhance the loss of concrete mass. Until recently, the acidophilic community was considered to comprise relatively few species of microorganisms, however, the biodiversity of the corrosion community is now recognized as being extensive and varying from different sewer environmental conditions. The diversity of acidophiles in the corrosion communities includes chemolithoautotrophs, chemolithoheterotrophs, and chemoorganoheterotrophs. The activity of these microorganisms is strongly affected by H2S levels in the sewer gas phase, although CO2, organic matter, and iron in the corrosion layer influence this acidic ecosystem. This paper briefly presents the conditions within the sewer that lead to the development of concrete corrosion in that environment. The review focuses on the acidophilic microorganisms detected in sewer corrosion environments, and then summarizes their proposed functions and physiology, especially in relation to the corrosion process. To our knowledge, this is the first review of acidophilic corrosion microbial communities, in which, the ecology and the environmental conditions (when available) are considered. Ecological studies of sewer corrosion are limited, however, where possible, we summarize the important metabolic functions of the different acidophilic species detected in sewer concrete corrosion layers. It is evident that microbial functions in the acidic sewer corrosion environment can be linked to those occurring in the analogous acidic environments of acid mine drainage and bioleaching.

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“…9 However, low pH is not only toxic to the subsequent bioprocesses, but, if the pretreatment residues were discharged to the environment, could also result in changes in food webs 10 and corrosion of sewage pipes. 11 The Fenton reaction can be performed at neutral pH in two different modes: homogenous and heterogeneous. 12,13 Homogeneous Fenton at neutral pH could be carried out using substances able to solubilize iron over a wider range of pH than with conventional Fenton.…”

Section: 8mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fenton pre-treatment of rice straw with citric acid as an iron chelate reagent for enhancing saccharification

et al. 2017

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The Fenton reagent has recently been verified as being effective for lignocellulose pretreatment. However, the Fenton reaction can only work under acidic conditions, leading to severe environmental pollution and increasing the cost for sewage treatment. This has made identification of iron chelates that could enhance Fenton degradation under neutral conditions important. In this study, citric acid, a non-toxic polyhydroxy carboxylic acid, was introduced as an iron chelate in Fenton pre-treatment of rice straw. Results demonstrated that citric acid has the ability to (i) maintain the oxidation capacity of the Fenton reagent under near-neutral conditions, (ii) enhance the degradation of lignin and reduce the crystallinity of rice straw from 0.41 to 0.21, (iii) promote the saccharification of rice straw (the maximum saccharification ratio of 35.7% was two-fold higher than that for the untreated rice straw), and (iv) elevate the maximum activity of b-glucosidase from 0.33 IU mL À1 to 0.61 IU mL À1 . Moreover, the effect of operational parameters such as pH and processing time on the saccharification of rice straw by Fenton pretreatment with and without citric acid has been demonstrated. The findings strongly support Fenton plus citric acid as an efficient and environmentally friendly lignocellulose pretreatment method.

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Corrosion and odor management in sewer systems

Cited by 126 publications

References 71 publications

Physical characteristics of pipes as indicators of structural state for decision-making considerations in sewer asset management

Physical characteristics of pipes as indicators of structural state for decision-making considerations in sewer asset management

The Ecology of Acidophilic Microorganisms in the Corroding Concrete Sewer Environment

Fenton pre-treatment of rice straw with citric acid as an iron chelate reagent for enhancing saccharification

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