Corrigendum: Top-Down Proteomics of Human Saliva Highlights Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Defense Responses in Alzheimer Disease

Contini, Cristina; Olianas, Alessandra; Serrao, Simone; Deriu, Carla; Iavarone, Federica; Boroumand, Mozhgan; Bizzarro, Alessandra; Lauria, Alessandra; Faa, Gavino; Castagnola, Massimo; Messana, Irene; Manconi, Barbara; Masullo, Carlo; Cabras, Tiziana

doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.743596

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, it is interesting to speculate that hBD3 can be also transferred into the brain through the sublingual route. The relationship between salivary glands and brain function might provide new insight into potential therapeutic approaches for brain neurological disorders [ 45 ]. Further study will be necessary to elucidate the absorption and transportation of salivary hBD3 into the brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human β-Defensin 3 Inhibits Porphyromonas Gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Oxidative and Inflammatory Responses of Microglia by Suppression of Cathepsins B and L

Inoue

Minatozaki

Katsuta

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Recently, the effects of antibacterial peptides are suggested to have therapeutic potential in Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, systemic treatment of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced Alzheimer’s disease-like neuropathological changes in middle-aged mice. Then, we examined whether human β-defensins (hBDs), antimicrobial peptides produced by the oral mucosa and salivary glands, can suppress Pg LPS-induced oxidative and inflammatory responses by microglia. hBD3 (1 μM) significantly suppressed Pg LPS-induced production of nitric oxide and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by MG6 cells, a mouse microglial cell line. hBD3 (1 μM) also significantly inhibited Pg LPS-induced expression of IL-6 by HMC3 cells, a human microglial cell line. In contrast, neither hBD1, hBD2 nor hBD4 failed to inhibit their productions. Furthermore, hBD3 suppressed Pg LPS-induced p65 nuclear translocation through the IκBα degradation. Pg LPS-induced expression of IL-6 was significantly suppressed by E64d, a cysteine protease inhibitor, and CA-074Me, a known specific inhibitor for cathepsin B, but not by pepstatin A, an aspartic protease inhibitor. Interestingly, hBD3 significantly inhibited enzymatic activities of recombinant human cathepsins B and L, lysosomal cysteine proteases, and their intracellular activities in MG6 cells. Therefore, hBD3 suppressed oxidative and inflammatory responses of microglia through the inhibition of cathepsins B and L, which enzymatic activities are necessary for the NF-κB activation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human β-Defensin 3 Inhibits Porphyromonas Gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Oxidative and Inflammatory Responses of Microglia by Suppression of Cathepsins B and L

Inoue

Minatozaki

Katsuta

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Beyond CSF and blood, other fluids have also been explored. Contini et al (56) analyzed saliva and found that AD individuals presented increased expression of proteins involved in homeostasis, ROS scavenging, neuroprotection, and antimicrobial activity compared to controls, suggesting that the oral cavity of such patients also establishes a defensive state. In urine, by contrast, proteins related to lipoprotein metabolism, complement activation, and gluconeogenesis were altered (57), while in tear fluid, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E was present only in AD samples (58).…”

Section: Proteomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Proteomic and Metabolomic Profiling of Neurodegenerative Diseases

et al. 2022

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Proteomics and metabolomics are two emerging fields that hold promise to shine light on the molecular mechanisms causing neurodegenerative diseases. Research in this area may reveal and quantify specific metabolites and proteins that can be targeted by therapeutic interventions intended at halting or reversing the neurodegenerative process. This review aims at providing a general overview on the current status of proteomic and metabolomic profiling in neurodegenerative diseases. We focus on the most common neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We discuss the relevance of state-of-the-art metabolomics and proteomics approaches and their potential for biomarker discovery. We critically review advancements made so far, highlighting how metabolomics and proteomics may have a significant impact in future therapeutic and biomarker development. Finally, we further outline technologies used so far as well as challenges and limitations, placing the current information in a future-facing context.

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Investigation by top‐down high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry of glutathionylation and cysteinylation of salivary S100A9 and cystatin B in preterm newborns

Boroumand

Manconi

Serrao

et al. 2021

Separation Science Plus

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Glutathionylation and cysteinylation can be involved in the protection of critical cysteines from irreversible oxidative damages. S100A9 long and cystatin B, proteins highly represented in the saliva of preterm and at-term newborns, can undergo these modifications. Levels of S100A9 long and cystatin B and their glutathionylated and cysteinylated derivatives have been determined by a topdown platform based on high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry in 100 salivary samples serially collected from 17 preterm newborns with different postconceptional age at birth (178-226 days) and in 90 salivary samples collected from at-term newborns and babies. Results showed that: (1) S100A9 long and cystatin B were mainly present as unmodified Abbreviations: NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; PCA, postconceptional age; PTMs, posttranslational modifications; SPRR3, small proline rich proteins 3This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Corrigendum: Top-Down Proteomics of Human Saliva Highlights Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Defense Responses in Alzheimer Disease

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Human β-Defensin 3 Inhibits Porphyromonas Gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Oxidative and Inflammatory Responses of Microglia by Suppression of Cathepsins B and L

Human β-Defensin 3 Inhibits Porphyromonas Gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Oxidative and Inflammatory Responses of Microglia by Suppression of Cathepsins B and L

Advances in Proteomic and Metabolomic Profiling of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Investigation by top‐down high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry of glutathionylation and cysteinylation of salivary S100A9 and cystatin B in preterm newborns

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