Corrigendum to “Unpredictability in food supply during early life influences growth and boldness in European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax” [Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 180 (July) (2016) 147–156]

Ferrari, Sébastien; Leguay, Didier; Vergnet, Alain; Vidal, Marie-Odile; Chatain, Béatrice; Bégout, Marie‐Laure

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2016.10.003

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Rainbow trout from the BUBBLE + TIME treatment were, however, the most temporally conditioned to feeding, as evidenced by their higher FAA than in BUBBLE and RANDOM. To achieve this FAA, they required five daily feedings over 12 days, which is in agreement with previous studies showing that farmed fish require 15 to 60 days to elicit a stable FAA with one or two daily feedings ( Salmo salar 12 ; Rhombosolea tapirina 32 ; Dicentrarchus labrax 10 ). On day 12, FAA was evident by the 5th feeding (F3 on Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…This is in agreement with results obtained in salmons for which temporal feed predictibility induced no effect on specific growth rate, compared to fish reared under unpredictable scheddules for the same experimental duration as ours (15 days) 12 . This may be explained by this short experimental period, as better growth rate was found after 30 days of temporally predictable feedings in sea bream 9 , 60 days in seabass 10 and 20 weeks in Atlantic cod 37 . However, even for a 60-day experimental duration in salmon, light-signalled predictable feedings did not induce differences in growth, condition factor, or feed conversion ratio compared to salmons reared under unpredictable feeding conditions 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In fish, few studies have so far investigated the welfare effects of feed anticipation, with temporal predictability being the most studied condition. For example, better growth was observed for different fish species (seabream, Sparus aurata 9 , seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax 10 , and Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua 11 ), when feedings were distributed at a fixed time schedule for 2 to 4.5 months. For the Atlantic cod, it was also found that temporal predictability reduced fish fin damages 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positive effects of bubbles as a feeding predictor on behaviour of farmed rainbow trout

Kleiber

Le-Calvez

Kernéis

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Occupational enrichment emerges as a promising strategy for improving the welfare of farmed animals. This form of enrichment aims to stimulate cognitive abilities of animals by providing them with more opportunities to interact with and control their environment. Predictability of salient daily events, and in particular predictability of feeding, is currently one of the most studied occupational enrichment strategies and can take several forms. In fish, while temporal predictability of feeding has been widely investigated, signalled predictability (based on a signal, such as light or sound) has received little attention. Depending on the type of predictability used and the ecology of the species, the effects on fish welfare often differ. The present study aimed to determine which feeding predictability would be most appropriate for rainbow trout, the main continental farmed fish in Europe, and what the consequences might be for their welfare. We tested four feeding predictability conditions: temporal (based on time of day), signalled (based on bubble diffusion), temporal + signalled (based on time and bubble diffusion), and unpredictable (random feeding times). Behavioural and zootechnical outcomes recorded were swimming activity, aggressive behaviours, burst of accelerations, and jumps, emotional reactivity, and growth. Our results showed that rainbow trout can predict daily feedings relying on time and/or bubbles as predictors as early as two weeks of conditioning, as evidenced by their increased swimming activity before feeding or during feed omission tests, which allowed to reinforce their conditioned response. Temporal predictability alone resulted in an increase in pre-feeding aggressive behaviours, burst of accelerations, and jumps, suggesting that the use of time as the sole predictor of feedings in husbandry practices may be detrimental to fish welfare. Signalled predictability with bubbles alone resulted in fewer pre-feeding agonistic behaviours, burst of accelerations, and jumps than in the temporal predictability condition. The combination of temporal and signalled predictability elicited the highest conditioned response and the level of pre-feeding aggression behaviours, burst of accelerations and jumps tended to be lower than for temporal predictability alone. Interestingly, fish swimming activity during bubble diffusion also revealed that bubbles were highly attractive regardless of the condition. Rainbow trout growth and emotional reactivity were not affected by the predictability condition. We conclude, therefore, that the use of bubbles as a feeding predictor could represent an interesting approach to improve rainbow trout welfare in farms, by acting as both an occupational and physical enrichment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positive effects of bubbles as a feeding predictor on behaviour of farmed rainbow trout

Kleiber

Le-Calvez

Kernéis

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Nevertheless, to our knowledge, no previous studies have investigated long-term post-stress differences in risk-taking behaviour in fishes; behavioural differences being observed only during the stress protocol or right after. Yet, some events occurring during fish life history impacted boldness [45,46], which was not the case in our study, suggesting that this measured behaviour, performed in group, is resilient toward stressors.…”

Section: Discussion (A) Consistency Of Group Risk-taking Behaviour Ov...contrasting

confidence: 72%

Transcriptomic profiles of consistent risk-taking behaviour across time and contexts in European sea bass

et al. 2022

Self Cite

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Bolder individuals have greater access to food sources and reproductive partners but are also at increased risk of predation. Boldness is believed to be consistent across time and contexts, but few studies have investigated the stability of this trait across variable environments, such as varying stress loads or long periods of time. Moreover, the underlying molecular components of boldness are poorly studied. Here, we report that boldness of 1154 European sea bass, evaluated using group risk-taking tests, is consistent over seven months and for individuals subjected to multiple environments, including a chronically stressful environment. Differences in risk-taking behaviour were further supported by differences observed in the responses to a novel environment test: shy individuals displayed more group dispersion, more thigmotaxic behaviour and lower activity levels. Transcriptomic analyses performed on extreme phenotypes revealed that bold individuals display greater expression for genes involved in social and exploration behaviours, and memory in the pituitary, and genes involved in immunity and responses to stimuli in the head kidney. This study demonstrates that personality traits come with an underpinning molecular signature, especially in organs involved in the endocrine and immune systems. As such, our results help to depict state–behaviour feedback mechanisms, previously proposed as key in shaping animal personality.

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“…There was no behavioural consistency, however, between different ages, suggesting behavioural plasticity across life stages. Coping styles are thus present at the larval stage but are not fixed and may evolve through individual experience and physiological changes (Castanheira et al ., 2016; Ferrari et al ., 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ZebrafishDanio rerioshows behavioural cross‐context consistency at larval and juvenile stages but no consistency between stages

Alfonso

Peyrafort

Cousin

et al. 2020

Journal of Fish Biology

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Coping style is defined as a set of individual physiological and behavioural characteristics that are consistent across time and context. In the zebrafish Danio rerio, as well as in many other animals, several covariations have been established among behavioural, physiological and molecular responses. Nonetheless, not many studies have addressed the consistency in behavioural responses over time starting at the larval stage. Therefore, this study aimed to improve the understanding of behavioural consistency across contexts and over time in zebrafish from the larval to juvenile stages. Two distinct experiments were conducted: a larval stage experiment (from 8 to 21 days post fertilization, dpf) and a juvenile stage experiment (from 21 to 60 dpf). On one hand, the larval experiment allows to focus on the transition between 8 and 21 dpf, marked by significant morphological changes related to the end of larval stage and initiation of metamorphosis. On the other hand, the juvenile experiment allows to properly cover the period extending from the end of larval stage to the juvenile stage (60 dpf), including metamorphosis which is itself completed around 45 dpf. Within each experiment, boldness was determined using a group risk-taking test to identify bold and shy individuals. A novel environment test was then performed at the same age to evaluate consistency across contexts. Groups of fish (either bold or shy) were bathed in an alizarin red S solution for later identification of their initially determined coping style to evaluate behavioural consistency over time. Fish were then reared under common garden conditions and challenged again with the same behavioural tests at a later age (21 and 60 dpf in the larval and juvenile experiments, respectively). Behavioural consistency was observed across contexts, with bold fish being more active and expressing higher thigmotaxis regardless of age. There was, however, little behavioural consistency over age, suggesting behavioural plasticity during development. Moreover, the use of alizarin red S to conduct this experiment provides new perspectives for the further study of the longitudinal evolution of various traits, including behaviour, over life stages in fish.

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Corrigendum to “Unpredictability in food supply during early life influences growth and boldness in European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax” [Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 180 (July) (2016) 147–156]

Cited by 3 publications

References 69 publications

Positive effects of bubbles as a feeding predictor on behaviour of farmed rainbow trout

Positive effects of bubbles as a feeding predictor on behaviour of farmed rainbow trout

Transcriptomic profiles of consistent risk-taking behaviour across time and contexts in European sea bass

ZebrafishDanio rerioshows behavioural cross‐context consistency at larval and juvenile stages but no consistency between stages

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