Corrigendum to “Naturally acid waters from Copahue volcano, Argentina” [Applied Geochemistry 24 (2009) 208–220]

Varekamp, Johan C.; Ouimette, A.; Herman, Scott W.; Flynn, Kathryn; Bermudez, A.; Delpino, Daniel H.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2009.03.009

Cited by 2 publications

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Acid Rivers and Lakes at Caviahue-Copahue Volcano as Potential Terrestrial Analogues for Aqueous Paleo-Environments on Mars

Aguilar

Varekamp

Bergen

et al. 2015

Active Volcanoes of the World

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Mars carries primary rock with patchy occurrences of sulfates and sheet silicates. Both Mg-and Fe-sulfates have been documented, the former being rather uncommon on Earth. To what extent can a natural acidic river system on Earth be a terrestrial analog for early Mars environments? Copahue volcano (Argentina) has an active acid hydrothermal system that has precipitated a suite of minerals in its hydrothermal reservoir (silica, anhydrite, alunite, jarosite). Leakage from this subterranean system through hot springs and into the crater lake have formed a strongly acidified watershed (Río Agrio), which precipitates a host of minerals during cooling and dilution downstream. A suite of more than 100 minerals has been found and conditions for precipitation of the main phases are simulated with speciation/saturation routines. The lower part of the watershed (Lake Caviahue and the Lower Río Agrio) have abundant deposits of ferricrete since 2003: hydrous ferric oxides and schwertmannite occur, their precipitation being mediated by Fe-oxidizing bacteria and photochemical processes. Further downstream, at greater degrees of dilution, hydrous aluminum oxides and sulfates form and create 'alcretes' lining the river bed. The watershed carries among others jarosite, hematite, anhydrite, gypsum and silica minerals and the origin of all these minerals

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Acid Rivers and Lakes at Caviahue-Copahue Volcano as Potential Terrestrial Analogues for Aqueous Paleo-Environments on Mars

Aguilar

Varekamp

Bergen

et al. 2015

Active Volcanoes of the World

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Volcanic hydrothermal systems as potential analogues of Martian sulphate-rich terrains

Aguilar

Bergen

2015

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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Remote sensing observations and rover missions have documented the presence of sulphate-rich mineral associations on Mars. Many of these minerals are paleo-indicators of hydrous, acidic and oxidising environments that must have prevailed in Mars´distant past, contrary to the present conditions. Furthermore, occurrences of silica together with high Cl and Br concentrations in Martian soils and rocks represent fingerprints of chemically atypical fluids involved in processes operating on the surface or at shallow depth. From field observations at representative active volcanoes in subduction settings, supported by geochemical modelling, we demonstrate that volcanic hydrothermal systems are capable of producing Mars-like secondary mineral assemblages near lakes, springs and fumaroles through the action of acidic fluids. Water-gas-rock interactions, together with localised flow paths of water and fumarolic gas emitted from associated subaerial vents, lead to deposition of a range of sulphates, including gypsum, jarosite, alunite, epsomite and silica. Evaporation, vapour separation and fluid mixing in (near-) surface environments with strong gradients in temperature and fluid chemistry further promote the diversity of secondary minerals. The mineralogical and chemical marks are highly variable in space and time, being subject to fluctuations in ambient conditions as well as to changes in the status of volcanic-hydrothermal activity. It is concluded that active processes in modern volcanic-geothermal systems may be akin to those that created several of the sulphate-rich terrains in the early history of Mars.

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Corrigendum to “Naturally acid waters from Copahue volcano, Argentina” [Applied Geochemistry 24 (2009) 208–220]

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Acid Rivers and Lakes at Caviahue-Copahue Volcano as Potential Terrestrial Analogues for Aqueous Paleo-Environments on Mars

Acid Rivers and Lakes at Caviahue-Copahue Volcano as Potential Terrestrial Analogues for Aqueous Paleo-Environments on Mars

Volcanic hydrothermal systems as potential analogues of Martian sulphate-rich terrains

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