“…As a result of the Nile Valley region's inadequate rainfall, underground water in this region has emerged as the primary and possibly the only source for domestic and agricultural uses. 68 The sediments contained several contaminants that were hazardous to aquatic ecosystems, and anthropogenic activities may significantly affect the creation of mineral pollutants in underground water, consequently changing their chemical compositions. Most water resources in the New Valley region have been polluted with various contaminants, which are extremely dangerous for the health of people, animals, soil, and plants.…”