Corrigendum: Runaway electron beam generation and mitigation during disruptions at JET-ILW (2015 <i>Nucl. Fusion</i> <b>55</b> 093013)

Reux, C.; Plyusnin, Victor F.; Alper, B.; Alves, D.; Базылев, Б.; Belonohy, É.; Boboc, A.; Brezinsek, S.; Coffey, I.; Decker, J.; Drewelow, P.; Devaux, S.; Vries, P. C. de; Fil, A.; Gerasimov, S.; Giacomelli, L.; Jachmich, S.; Khilkevitch, E.; Kiptily, V.; Kosłowski, R.; Kruezi, U.; Lehnen, M.; Lupelli, I.; Lomas, P. J.; Manzanares, A.; Aguilera, A. Martín de; Matthews, G. F.; Mlynář, J.; Nardon, E.; Nilsson, Emelie; Thun, C. Perez von; Riccardo, V.; Saint‐Laurent, F.; Shevelev, A.; Sips, G.; Sozzi, C.; Contributors, Jet

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/55/12/129501

Cited by 21 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…In order to progress eciently, the RE research eorts in Europe have been coordinated by the EUROfusion consortium within its ITER Physics Research programme which intermediates, among others, RE relevant experiments at tokamaks JET [26], AUG [27,28], TCV [27,29,30], FTU [31] and COMPASS [32,33,34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Runaway electron experiments at COMPASS in support of the EUROfusion ITER physics research

Mlynář

Ficker

Macúšová

et al. 2018

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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The role of the COMPASS tokamak in research of generation, connement and losses of Runaway Electron (RE) population is presented. Recently, two major groups of experiments aimed at improved understanding and control of the REs have been pursued. First, the eects of the Massive Gas Injection (MGI, ∼ 10 21 Ar/Ne particles) and impurity seeding (∼ 10 18 particles) were studied systematically. The observed phenomena include generation of the post-disruption RE beam and current conversion from plasma to RE. Zero loop voltage control was implemented in order to study the decay in simplied conditions. A distinctive drop of background plasma temperature and electron density was observed following an additional deuterium injection into the RE beam. The loop voltage control the parametric dependence of the current decay rate dI/dt can be studied systematically and possibly extrapolated to larger RE experiments at COMPASS in support of the EUROfusion research 2 facilities. Second, recent results of experiments focused on the role of the magnetic eld in physics of RE were analysed. In this contribution, special attention is given to the observed eects of the Resonant Magnetic Perturbation (RMP) on the RE population. The benets of the RE experiments on COMPASS was reinforced by diagnostic enhancements (fast cameras, Cherenkov detector, vertical ECE etc.) and modelling eorts (in particular, coupling of the METIS and LUKE codes).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Runaway electron experiments at COMPASS in support of the EUROfusion ITER physics research

Mlynář

Ficker

Macúšová

et al. 2018

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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“…As mentioned in the introduction, multiple attempts to "kill" an RE beam with MGI (including with high Z gases like Kr or Xe) in JET have shown no effect [1]. A possible explanation may be that the RE beam, which is localized in the core of the plasma, extending perhaps up to mid-radius, is "shielded" by the cold background plasma surrounding it via a gas braking effect similar to the one described above.…”

Section: Gas Penetration Into the Background Plasma Surround-ing mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is consistent with, for example, the observation from DIII-D that "over a wide range of initial target conditions [...], visible camera images of neutral Ar emission indicate that the propagation of jet neutrals is stopped at the plasma edge (≃ 0 − 5 cm past the separatrix) during the TQ" [12]. Another important recent result possibly related to the question of gas penetration is the unsuccessful attempt to suppress an RE beam after its formation using MGI on JET [1]. One possible reason for this failure is indeed that the gas does not penetrate deep enough into the background plasma and thus cannot reach the RE beam.…”

Section: Due To the Potentially Deleterious Consequences Of Disruptiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The question may however be addressed in future work by including a momentum equation for charged species in our model. Looking at the above equations, one may notice that the term −n e (I+ < σv > cx ) 1 2 m n n n V 2 n in the neutral energy equation (Eq. 6), which represents kinetic energy transferred from neutrals to ions due to ionization and charge exchange, has no counterpart in the ion energy equation (Eq.…”

Section: A Geometry Equations and Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the mechanisms governing gas penetration into a tokamak plasma during a massive gas injection

et al. 2016

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A new 1D radial fluid code, IMAGINE, is used to simulate the penetration of gas into a tokamak plasma during a Massive Gas Injection (MGI). The main result is that the gas is in general strongly braked as it reaches the plasma, due to mechanisms related to charge exchange and (to a smaller extent) recombination. As a result, only a fraction of the gas penetrates into the plasma. Also, a shock wave is created in the gas which propagates away from the plasma, braking and compressing the incoming gas. Simulation results are quantitatively consistent, at least in terms of orders of magnitude, with experimental data for a D 2 MGI into a JET Ohmic plasma. Simulations of MGI into the background plasma surrounding a runaway electrons beam show that if the background electron density is too high, the gas may not penetrate, suggesting a possible explanation to the recent results of Reux et al. in JET [1].

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“…Energies up to 20 MeV were measured for 200 to 380 kA RE beams. RE beams up to 1.2 MA at I p = 2MA have been produced by massive argon injection via DMV, leading to substantial damage of tiles due to localized and toroidally asymmetrical melting on the inner wall and upper beryllium limiters [51]. It is to be noted that, within the uncertainty of the time reference of the IR camera, the interaction between the tile and the RE beam starts before the RE current decay, possibly due to contact with the wall.…”

Section: Disruptions and The Generation Of Resmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the JET results

Romanelli¹,

Abhangi²,

Abreu³

et al. 2015

Nucl. Fusion

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Since the installation of an ITER-like wall, the JET programme has focused on the consolidation of ITER design choices and the preparation for ITER operation, with a specific emphasis given to the bulk tungsten melt experiment, which has been crucial for the final decision on the material choice for the day-one tungsten divertor in ITER. Integrated scenarios have been progressed with the re-establishment of long-pulse, high-confinement H-modes by optimizing the magnetic configuration and the use of ICRH to avoid tungsten impurity accumulation. Stationary discharges with detached divertor conditions and small edge localized modes have been demonstrated by nitrogen seeding. The differences in confinement and pedestal behaviour before and after the ITER-like wall installation have been better characterized towards the development of high fusion yield scenarios in DT. Post-mortem analyses of the plasma-facing components have confirmed the previously reported low fuel retention obtained by gas balance and shown that the pattern of deposition within the divertor has changed significantly with respect to the JET carbon wall campaigns due to the absence of thermally activated chemical erosion of beryllium in contrast to carbon. Transport to remote areas is almost absent and two orders of magnitude less material is found in the divertor.

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Corrigendum: Runaway electron beam generation and mitigation during disruptions at JET-ILW (2015 Nucl. Fusion 55 093013)

Abstract: Fusion 55 093013) contains wrong scales on the x-axes of subplots (a)-(d). The figure should be replaced by the following:

Cited by 21 publications

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Runaway electron experiments at COMPASS in support of the EUROfusion ITER physics research

Runaway electron experiments at COMPASS in support of the EUROfusion ITER physics research

On the mechanisms governing gas penetration into a tokamak plasma during a massive gas injection

Overview of the JET results

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