“…Specifically, the higher S can be resulted from the presence of fewer minority carriers in the conduction or valence band due to the increase of the band gap (1.2657, 1.6037, and 1.9221 eV) with lower atomic number. The higher S of the β‐Sb monolayer and β‐As monolayer for electrons may be caused by the bigger effective mass of electrons, However, for the β‐P monolayer, may be related to the presence of fewer minority electrons due to the higher E CBM (1.0568 eV) than that of the holes according to the calculated band energy and the effective mass, which matches well with similar theoretical conclusion in the literature [78] . Furthermore, the variation of the carrier densities and band gaps of the β‐VA monolayers are performed by doping with strong chemical bonds based on atoms in substitution or interstitial positions, i. e., Doping Ti, V, Cr, Mn, and Fe to the β‐Sb layer, the doping of the β‐As layer with N, P, Sb, Bi, B, C, O, and F, and the monovacancy or bivacancy of the β‐Sb layer are studied to lead to significant changes in the carrier concentration as well as the band gaps [14] …”