Correspondence. Some Theoretical Aspects of Road Traffic Research.

Wardrop, J G; Whitehead, J I

doi:10.1680/ipeds.1952.11362

Cited by 795 publications

(172 citation statements)

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“…(doi:10.1016/S1755-5345(13) 70005-8)) and drive the development of transportation systems. Current route-choice models that are used in transportation planning are based on the widely accepted assumption that people follow the minimum cost path (Wardrop 1952 Proc. Inst.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding individual routing behaviour

Lima

Stanojevic

Papagiannaki

et al. 2016

J. R. Soc. Interface.

103

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Knowing how individuals move between places is fundamental to advance our understanding of human mobility (González et al. 2008 Nature 453, 779-782. (doi:10.1038/nature06958)), improve our urban infrastructure (Prato 2009 J. Choice Model. 2, 65 -100. (doi:10.1016/S1755-5345(13) 70005-8)) and drive the development of transportation systems. Current route-choice models that are used in transportation planning are based on the widely accepted assumption that people follow the minimum cost path (Wardrop 1952 Proc. Inst. Civ. Eng. 1, 325-362. (doi:10.1680/ipeds.1952), despite little empirical support. Fine-grained location traces collected by smart devices give us today an unprecedented opportunity to learn how citizens organize their travel plans into a set of routes, and how similar behaviour patterns emerge among distinct individual choices. Here we study 92 419 anonymized GPS trajectories describing the movement of personal cars over an 18-month period. We group user trips by origin-destination and we find that most drivers use a small number of routes for their routine journeys, and tend to have a preferred route for frequent trips. In contrast to the cost minimization assumption, we also find that a significant fraction of drivers' routes are not optimal. We present a spatial probability distribution that bounds the route selection space within an ellipse, having the origin and the destination as focal points, characterized by high eccentricity independent of the scale. While individual routing choices are not captured by path optimization, their spatial bounds are similar, even for trips performed by distinct individuals and at various scales. These basic discoveries can inform realistic route-choice models that are not based on optimization, having an impact on several applications, such as infrastructure planning, routing recommendation systems and new mobility solutions.

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confidence: 99%

Understanding individual routing behaviour

Lima

Stanojevic

Papagiannaki

et al. 2016

J. R. Soc. Interface.

103

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“…Later, Knight [14] expanded the tax model based on the drivers' route choice behaviour. Nevertheless, most of the applied toll pricing models are based on the equilibrium condition in network, firstly proposed by Wardrop [15]. Wardrop, introduced two principles, i.e.…”

Section: Brief Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combined Model of Congestion Toll Pricing Based on System Optimization with Minimum Toll

Mirzahossein

Zargari

2018

Teh. vjesn.

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Abstract:Preventing the congestion is one of the main concerns of traffic managers and urban planners around the world. In response to this matter in transportation sector, planners have suggested toll pricing policies. This paper presents a combined optimization model as a new method to estimate the potential combination of travel time, and congestion toll that is implemented in a nine-node transportation network or Hearn network. This approach works as an urban travel demand management (UTDM) policy that imposes the cost of travel to travelers by calculating the marginal cost (MC), but the introduced model is optimized by minimizing the combination of travel time as an example of average cost (AC) and congestion toll as an example of MC simultaneously. Results show the total amount of flow is increased to 344,183 and the total amount of MC is decreased to 534,522 in comparison with the previous models.

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“…We further assume that end-users are multihomed in order to define a competitive access market. Similarly to [13], total user demand is split among providers depending on price, according to Wardrop's principle [14]. A large proportion of papers applies Game Theory to inquire the strategic interaction among competing players.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We model this as a Wardrop [14] type of equilibrium where D will self-adjust its fraction that will be routed through each network so that the price/bit sent through each network will be as low as possible. Note that in our model the price of ISP1 is fixed over a given epoch, while the price of ISP2 is a function of the amount x of traffic through its network.…”

Section: Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic incentives for adopting congestion accountability protocols

Κωστόπουλος

Dimakis

Courcoubetis

2014

2014 26th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC)

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Abstract-New Internet protocols such as ECN, re-ECN and Conex, provide valuable information to ISPs about the congestion within a network. Such information could be useful in allocating network resources more equitably, as well as to employ new pricing schemes. However, in designing a new protocol one must take proper account of the incentive issues that thereby arise for its adoption. In this paper, we consider a duopoly market consisting of two access ISPs and formulate a noncooperative game over their choices of pricing strategies when one of them uses volume-based and the other congestionbased pricing. We prove, under mild conditions, the existence of a pure strategy Nash equilibrium for the competing providers. We further examine how the different types of transit charges affect the pricing strategies of the access ISPs. We find cases where the volume charging ISP is forced to leave the access market. We conclude that ISPs have economic incentives to adopt congestion accountability mechanisms, since they become more competitive due to the smoother and more predictable traffic they have to accommodate and to the lower transit charges they incur.

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Correspondence. Some Theoretical Aspects of Road Traffic Research.

Cited by 795 publications

References 0 publications

Understanding individual routing behaviour

Understanding individual routing behaviour

A Combined Model of Congestion Toll Pricing Based on System Optimization with Minimum Toll

Economic incentives for adopting congestion accountability protocols

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