Correlative nano-spectroscopic imaging of heterogeneity in migrated petroleum in unconventional reservoir pores

Simon, Rebekah E.; Johnson, Samuel C.; Khatib, Omar; Raschke, Markus B.; Budd, David A.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120836

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Several parameters, including the inorganic mineral content in OM and pore pressure, limit the growth of pores in OM, which is independent of the abundance and pores type and the maturity of OM . Therefore, OM pores have multiscale and multiple types of heterogeneity. , For example, the intergranular pores formed due to the contact relationships among the OM and different types of inorganic minerals have different shapes and connectivity, and the different types of OM pores developed show heterogeneity (Figure ). The preservation/enrichment of shale gas is complicated by the abnormally high pressures seen in deep shale gas reservoirs; therefore, understanding the pore structure and heterogeneity of deep shale OM might help solve these issues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Organic Matter and Its Pore Structure of Wufeng–Longmaxi Deep Shales by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, Mercury Intrusion Capillary Pressure, and Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope

Zhang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Organic matter (OM) pores are well developed in the deep marine shales of the Sichuan Basin, China. Understanding the morphology and connectivity of this pore system is crucial for making accurate predictions regarding accumulation and migration. This study aims to evaluate the influence of the pore size distribution (PSD) of OM on the overall pore structure of shale. Mercury intrusion capillary pressure and small-angle X-ray scattering are used in the assessment. A field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) was used to study the pore morphology of OM, along with areal porosity and PSD calculated from the FE-SEM images. According to the findings of the study, solid OM particle sizes in deep shale are 1.92 times greater than the diameter of their connecting throat to the exterior. It has been observed that overpressure within shale reservoir pore spaces may prevent the destruction of the solid OM connecting channels by compaction. Although the deep shale exhibits porosity similar to that of the middle-shallow formation, it contains a greater proportion of closed pores, with 61.4%. In addition, the maturity of deep shale does not have a significant impact on the complexity of the pore structure. The findings of this study may provide a substantial theoretical basis for the exploration and development of deep shale gas resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Organic Matter and Its Pore Structure of Wufeng–Longmaxi Deep Shales by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, Mercury Intrusion Capillary Pressure, and Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope

Zhang,

Sun

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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“…The fractal dimension can characterize the internal structure of shale. The internal structure of shale becomes more complex and heterogeneous with the increase in fractal dimension [59,60].…”

Section: Heterogeneity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Pore Structure and Gas Content of the Lower Paleozoic Shale from the Upper Yangtze Plate, South China

Zou

et al. 2021

Energies

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This study is predominantly about the differences in shale pore structure and the controlling factors of shale gas content between Lower Silurian and Lower Cambrian from the upper Yangtze plate, which are of great significance to the occurrence mechanism of shale gas. The field emission scanning electron microscopy combined with Particles (Pores) and Cracks Analysis System software, CO2/N2 adsorption and the high-pressure mercury injection porosimetry, and methane adsorption were used to investigate characteristics of overall shale pore structure and organic matter pore, heterogeneity and gas content of the Lower Paleozoic in southern Sichuan Basin and northern Guizhou province from the upper Yangtze plate. Results show that porosity and the development of organic matter pores of the Lower Silurian are better than that of the Lower Cambrian, and there are four main types of pore, including interparticle pore, intraparticle pore, organic matter pore and micro-fracture. The micropores of the Lower Cambrian shale provide major pore volume and specific surface areas. In the Lower Silurian shale, there are mesopores besides micropores. Fractal dimensions representing pore structure complexity and heterogeneity gradually increase with the increase in pore volume and specific surface areas. There is a significant positive linear relationship between total organic carbon content and micropores volume and specific surface areas of the Lower Paleozoic shale, and the correlation of the Lower Silurian is more obvious than that of the Lower Cambrian. The plane porosity of organic matter increases with the increase in total organic carbon when it is less than 5%. The plane porosity of organic matter pores is positively correlated with clay minerals content and negatively correlated with brittle minerals content. The adsorption gas content of Lower Silurian and Lower Cambrian shale are 1.51–3.86 m3/t (average, 2.31 m3/t) and 0.35–2.38 m3/t (average, 1.36 m3/t). Total organic carbon, clay minerals and porosity are the main controlling factors for the differences in shale gas content between Lower Cambrian and Lower Silurian from the upper Yangtze plate. Probability entropy and organic matter plane porosity of the Lower Silurian are higher than those of Lower Cambrian shale, but form factor and roundness is smaller.

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“…Yang et al (2017) showed that AFM-IR spectra collected on the New Albany Shale were comparable to conventional µ-FTIR spectra. Subsequently, other AFM-IR based studies have focused on shale samples and kerogens to better understand the impact of thermal stress and petroleum migration effects (Jubb et al, 2019;Abarghani et al, 2020;Simon et al, 2021). Other studies have also focused on extraterrestrial macromolecular organic matter, on chondrites (Kebukawa et al, 2018;Phan et al, 2022) and Ultra Carbonaceous Antarctic Micro-Meteorites (Mathurin et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical functional characterization of immature and mature coals at the nanoscale by atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR)

Phan

Rebois

Beck

et al. 2023

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Correlative nano-spectroscopic imaging of heterogeneity in migrated petroleum in unconventional reservoir pores

Cited by 13 publications

References 68 publications

Quantifying Organic Matter and Its Pore Structure of Wufeng–Longmaxi Deep Shales by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, Mercury Intrusion Capillary Pressure, and Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope

Quantifying Organic Matter and Its Pore Structure of Wufeng–Longmaxi Deep Shales by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, Mercury Intrusion Capillary Pressure, and Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope

Characteristics of Pore Structure and Gas Content of the Lower Paleozoic Shale from the Upper Yangtze Plate, South China

Chemical functional characterization of immature and mature coals at the nanoscale by atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR)

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