Correlative Morphometric and Biochemical Study on Pancreatic Amylase in Normal and Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats

Aughsteen, Adib A.; Kataoka, Kazunori; Shair, Salem A.

doi:10.1097/00006676-199610000-00013

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…The β-cell volume for freshly isolated islets reflects an estimated 5% loss from the commonly accepted value of about 1,000 μm 3 for the native pancreas (32, 33), which is consistent with a partial degranulation during isolation and dispersion. Acinar volume in the mature pancreas on average is within the 1,300 to 1,800 μm 3 range reported for the adult rat (34-36) and it is assumed that about 20 to 25% of the volume in freshly isolated preparations is lost from degranulation. Estimates for duct and other cells are from our observations (Bonner-Weir, S., unpublished).…”

Section: Number Fraction and Volume Fraction Relationships In Islet Pmentioning

confidence: 74%

Quantitative analysis of cell composition and purity of human pancreatic islet preparations

Pisania

Weir

O’Neil

et al. 2010

Laboratory Investigation

145

137

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Despite improvements in outcomes for human islet transplantation, characterization of islet preparations remains poorly defined. This study used both light (LM) and electron microscopy (EM) to characterize 33 islet preparations used for clinical transplants. EM allowed accurate identification and quantification of cell types with measured cell number fractions (mean ± SEM) 35.6 ± 2.1% β-cells, 12.6 ± 1.0% non-β-islet cells, (48.3 ± 2.6% total islet cells), 22.7 ± 1.5% duct cells, and 25.3 ± 1.8% acinar cells. Of the islet cells, 73.6 ± 1.7% were β cells. For comparison to the literature, estimates of cell number fraction, cell volume, and extracellular volume were combined to convert number fraction data to volume fractions applicable to cells, islets, and the entire preparation. The mathematical framework for this conversion was developed. By volume, β cells were 86.5 ± 1.1% of the total islet cell volume and 61.2 ± 0.8% of intact islets (including the extracellular volume), which is similar to that of islets in the pancreas. Our estimates gave 1560 ± 20 cells in an islet equivalent (volume of 150-μm diameter sphere), of which 1140 ± 15 were β cells. To test if LM analysis of the same tissue samples could provide reasonable estimates of purity of the islet preparations, volume fraction islet tissue was measured on thin sections available from 27 of the clinical preparations by point counting morphometrics. Islet purity (islet volume fraction) of individual preparations determined by LM and EM analysis correlated linearly with excellent agreement (R2 = 0.95). However, islet purity by conventional dithizone staining was substantially higher with a 20-30% overestimation. Thus, both EM and LM provide accurate methods to determine the cell composition of human islets preparations and can help us understand many of the discrepancies of islet composition in the literature.

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Section: Number Fraction and Volume Fraction Relationships In Islet Pmentioning

confidence: 74%

Quantitative analysis of cell composition and purity of human pancreatic islet preparations

Pisania

Weir

O’Neil

et al. 2010

Laboratory Investigation

145

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…28) In the present study, 40 mg/kg of STZ markedly decreased serum and pancreatic amylase activities, thus agreeing with these previous studies. [22][23][24] However, HJ administration did not markedly change serum amylase activity, and serum amylase activity for the STZϩHJ group was significantly lower throughout the study period when compared to the control group except for the second week. Pancreatic amylase activity for the STZϩHJ group was also significantly higher when compared to the STZ group but significantly lower when compared to the control group, thus clarifying that HJ did not normalize serum and pancreatic amylase activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Several studies have investigated the changes in pancreatic secretion function using STZ-induced diabetes models, [21][22][23][24][25] and all found that amylase activity was significantly decreased in STZ-treated rats. Moreover, some studies documented that insulin stimulated the transcription and translation of amylase mRNA, 26,27) and it is therefore likely that insulin stimulates amylase secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hachimi-jio-gan (Ba-Wei-Di-Huang-Wan) on Hyperglycemia in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Hirotani

Ikeda

Yamamoto

et al. 2007

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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The herbal prescription Hachimi-jio-gan (HJ) (Ba-Wei-DiHuang-Wan) has been widely used for the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, nephrotic syndromes, and glomerulonephritis since the late middle ages. HJ is used as a Kampo formula for diabetes and the package insert for HJ extract for medical use states that HJ suppresses experimentally induced diabetes, inhibits reduction in vascular elasticity due to high-cholesterol diets, hinders aldose reductase activity, and protects the renal tissue of rats that are genetically sensitive to salt. 1)The composition of HJ is as follows: Rehmanniae radix (6 g), Corni fructus (3 g), Dioscoreae rhizoma (3 g), Alismatis rhizoma (3 g), Hoelen (3 g), Moutan cortex (2.5 g), Cinnamomi cortex (1 g), and Aconiti tuber (0.5 g). Animal studies have shown that Rehmanniae radix, Corni fructus and Hoelen lower blood sugar, but HJ does not contain ginseng which is frequently used to treat diabetes in the clinical setting.As to the therapeutic effects of HJ, various human and animal studies have been conducted, 2-5) most of which examined the effects of HJ on renal damage and the action mechanism for such effects. [6][7][8] Experimentally, HJ has exhibited beneficial effects in patients with diabetes mellitus and in many diabetic animal models, and in particular, it is used in the treatment of dry mouth, thirst, and polyuria associated with diabetes. However, details of the mechanism responsible for the effects of HJ against hyperglycemia remain unclear, and there are few scientific studies supporting the effects of HJ on such subjective symptoms to date.Many animal models of diabetes are available, but in the present study, diabetic rats were prepared by administration of streptozotocin (STZ) which is frequently used to prepare insulin-deficiency models. STZ is an antibiotic, antineoplastic agent that has a 2-deoxy-D-glucose molecule connected to an N-nitroso-N-methyl urea group, and it is used to induce diabetes under experimental conditions. The diabetogenic action of STZ was shown to result primarily from its highly specific cytotoxic action on the b-cells of the pancreatic Langerhans' islets. This causes rapid and irreversible necrosis, leading to metabolic alterations associated with the increase of blood glucose and decrease of serum insulin levels and pancreatic insulin contents; i.e., insulin deficiency. STZtreatment thereby sustainably causes hyperglycemia, increase in water and food intake, glycosuria, and decrease in body weight in animals. 9)In this study, we investigated the effects of HJ on hyperglycemia by means of pharmacological and biochemical procedures, using STZ-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS AnimalsMale Wistar rats (Clea Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan) weighing 180-190 g were used. Rats were maintained for 1 week on an MF diet (Oriental Yeast, Tokyo, Japan). They had free access to the rat chow and water and were kept in a room maintained at 23Ϯ2°C with a 12 h/12 h light/dark cycle. All experimental procedures were conducted in accord...

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“…Several studies have investigated the changes in pancreatic secretion function using STZ-induced diabetes models, (Duanet al, 1989;Aughsteen et al, 1996;Anderson and Bevan, 1992;Yoshihiko et al, 2007) and all found that amylase activity was significantly decreased in STZ-treated rats. Moreover, some studies documented that insulin stimulated the transcription and translation of amylase mRNA and it is therefore likely that insulin stimulates amylase secretion (Patel et al,2004).…”

Section: (E) Total Antioxidant Capacity (D) Triglyceridementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative evaluation of antidiabetic activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Chamomile recutita in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Emam¹

2012

ABJNA

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Herbal formulations are getting more importance in the treatment of diabetes, cancer and hepatic disorder because of the hazardous adverse effects of the current therapy. Especially diabetes can be controlled by Allopathic medicine as well as Herbal medicine. A comparison was made between the antidiabetic activities of water extracts of leaves of Rosmarinus Officinalist and Chamomile recutitain Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Serum Fasting blood glucose and other biochemical parameters such as total protein; carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme; α -amylase, total antioxidant capacity, liversteoteosis; total cholesterol, Triacylglycerol, were determined at the dose 200 mg/kg body weight for 21 days. There is a significant increase decrease in serum fasting blood glucose (p<0.001) , increase in body weight and improvement in the other biochemical parameters with treatment of herbal formulations which altered in diabetic rats There was a significant decrease in serum glucose level (p<0.001), increase in body weight and changes in normal cells was observed with treatment of the above mentioned extracts which altered in diabetic rats as compared to the control rats standard.

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Correlative Morphometric and Biochemical Study on Pancreatic Amylase in Normal and Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Quantitative analysis of cell composition and purity of human pancreatic islet preparations

Quantitative analysis of cell composition and purity of human pancreatic islet preparations

Effects of Hachimi-jio-gan (Ba-Wei-Di-Huang-Wan) on Hyperglycemia in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Comparative evaluation of antidiabetic activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Chamomile recutita in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

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