Correlations of cytokine levels in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood with outcome of HHV‐6B encephalitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Takano, Kuniko; Ogata, Masao; Satou, Takako; Miyazaki, Yasuhiko; Otsuka, Eiichi; Saito, Noriyuki; Ueki, Tomoyuki; Kako, Shinichi; Fukuda, Takahiro; Shirao, Kuniaki

doi:10.1111/tid.13172

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…There is evidence that the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 may play a physiological role in sodium balance, specifically as a potential stimulant of ADH secretion [27,28]. Several studies have documented increased levels of IL-6 in cases of HHV-6 encephalitis and other HHV-6-associated CNS dysfunctions [24,[29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Sodium Disorders in HHV-6 Encephalitis

Victoria

Phan

Agarwal

2020

Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation

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Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) encephalitis has a high mortality rate. Among those who survive,~80% develop some type of permanent neurologic disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment may help prevent long-term sequelae. There have been several case reports as well as retrospective and prospective studies associating HHV-6 encephalitis with some form of sodium imbalance, either hyponatremia or hypernatremia; however, the exact frequency post-HCT is unknown, with reports ranging from 30% to 100%. We performed a systematic review of the literature and found 34 cases of HHV-6 encephalitis reported in conjunction with sodium imbalance that documented the timing of that imbalance relative to the onset of encephalitis. Sodium imbalance occurred before or at the onset of HHV-6 encephalitis in all but 2 cases (94%). This finding supports previous suggestions that sodium imbalance can be considered an early indicator of the potential development or presence of HHV-6 encephalitis in at-risk patient populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Sodium Disorders in HHV-6 Encephalitis

Victoria

Phan

Agarwal

2020

Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation

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“…Developmental and long-term neurological outcomes of pediatric transplant recipients with HHV-6 meningoencephalitis are not well studied. In an adult, Japanese, HCT cohort, higher levels of IL-6 in the CSF were associated with increased risk of mortality in patients with HHV-6B meningoencephalitis ( 118 ).…”

Section: Causative Viral Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral meningoencephalitis in pediatric solid organ or hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach

Thomas,

Ouellette

2024

Front. Pediatr.

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Neurologic complications, both infectious and non-infectious, are frequent among hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) and solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Up to 46% of HCT and 50% of SOT recipients experience a neurological complication, including cerebrovascular accidents, drug toxicities, as well as infections. Defects in innate, adaptive, and humoral immune function among transplant recipients predispose to opportunistic infections, including central nervous system (CNS) disease. CNS infections remain uncommon overall amongst HCT and SOT recipients, compromising approximately 1% of total cases among adult patients. Given the relatively lower number of pediatric transplant recipients, the incidence of CNS disease amongst in this population remains unknown. Although infections comprise a small percentage of the neurological complications that occur post-transplant, the associated morbidity and mortality in an immunosuppressed state makes it imperative to promptly evaluate and aggressively treat a pediatric transplant patient with suspicion for viral meningoencephalitis. This manuscript guides the reader through a broad infectious and non-infectious diagnostic differential in a transplant recipient presenting with altered mentation and fever and thereafter, elaborates on diagnostics and management of viral meningoencephalitis. Hypothetical SOT and HCT patient cases have also been constructed to illustrate the diagnostic and management process in select viral etiologies. Given the unique risk for various opportunistic viral infections resulting in CNS disease among transplant recipients, the manuscript will provide a contemporary review of the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and management of viral meningoencephalitis in these patients

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Analysis of the Effect of Incentive Nursing Intervention in Children with Severe Viral Encephalitis and Myocarditis during Rehabilitation Based on Diffusion Weighted MRI

Ren

Guo

Liu³

et al. 2021

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Background. Severe viral encephalitis in children causes a viral infection that damages their central nervous system. This situation arises the mental abnormalities, sudden rise in body temperature, disturbance of consciousness, and so forth in children, which can be life-threatening. Objective. This work aimed at exploring the effect of diffusion weighted MRI on children with severe viral encephalitis and myocarditis. Methods. This work presents a diffusion weighted MRI scanning method that involves scanning through a serial imaging device, axial scanning, and sagittal and coronal scanning. 60 children with severe viral encephalitis and myocarditis who admitted to Brain Hospital of Hunan Province from April 2017 to May 2020 were deemed as research subjects. All the children underwent CT and MRI examination, blood routine examination, and cerebrospinal fluid examination after admission. This work uses the random number table method to classify the subjects into control group and observation group, each consisting of 30 cases. Children in the control group were provided with the routine nursing intervention, whereas children in the observation group were subjected to incentive nursing intervention. The baseline data, ECG monitoring indicators, body abnormalities, and clinical symptom relief time of the two groups of children were compared and the results of diffusion weighted MRI scans were analyzed and the ADC values were counted. Results. The two groups of children were compared on the basis of baseline data, and the variation was not statistically substantial ( P > 0.05 ). The cases of children in the control group had higher heart rate and respiration, and physical dysfunction, language dysfunction, unconsciousness, and nervous dysfunction were more than those in the observation group. However, the cases of blood oxygen saturation were less than those of the observation group. After nursing intervention done for the control group, remission time of clinical symptoms such as convulsion, physical dysfunction, unconsciousness, and nerve dysfunction was longer relative to the observation group (all P < 0.05 are considered). Conclusion. The diffusion weighted MRI had diagnostic significance for severe viral encephalitis and myocarditis. For children with severe viral encephalitis and myocarditis, clinical incentive nursing intervention was particularly imperative. It can not only help children to relieve symptoms and control the deterioration of the disease in a short time but also help improve the quality of life of the children and the confidence of family members to cope with the disease.

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Correlations of cytokine levels in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood with outcome of HHV‐6B encephalitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

A Systematic Review of Sodium Disorders in HHV-6 Encephalitis

A Systematic Review of Sodium Disorders in HHV-6 Encephalitis

Viral meningoencephalitis in pediatric solid organ or hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach

Analysis of the Effect of Incentive Nursing Intervention in Children with Severe Viral Encephalitis and Myocarditis during Rehabilitation Based on Diffusion Weighted MRI

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