Correlations between the proportion of type III female genital mutilations in the series and adverse obstetric outcomes: a short meta-analysis

Abstract

It should be retained that type III female genital mutilation is likely to be a serious concern for birth.

Female Genital Mutilation and Cutting and Obstetric Outcomes

“…Deinfibulation, the surgical procedure used to re-open the vaginal introitus of women living with type III FGM/C, is associated with a statistically significant improvement in maternal and fetal outcomes. [6][7][8] However, there is still no consensus regarding the optimal timing of this procedure, 9 although international guidelines recommend that it be performed intrapartum. 10,11 The goal of the present study was to provide additional information on the association of type III FGM/C and de-infibulation with immediate maternal and neonatal obstetric outcomes.…”

“…De-infibulation, the surgical procedure used to re-open the vaginal introitus of women living with type III FGM/C, is associated with a statistically significant improvement in maternal and fetal outcomes. 6–8 However, there is still no consensus regarding the optimal timing of this procedure, 9 although international guidelines recommend that it be performed intrapartum. 10,11…”

Obstetric Complications in Women from Sub-Saharan Africa—A Cross-Sectional Study

“…In the bibliography addressing obstetric complications with female genital mutilation [ 4 ], it was shown that women with FGM types II and III were at a greater risk of undergoing caesarean than those not mutilated. Frega [ 19 ] and Indraccolo [ 20 ] also associated FGM with a greater risk of a prolonged expulsion stage and a greater incidence of caesareans. However, Davis [ 21 ] reports in his study that there was no difference in the caesarean section rate.…”

Effect of type III female genital mutilation on obstetric outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Recently, two studies have pointed out the significant lack of evidence regarding obstetric outcomes and postpartum care in women living with genital mutilation [ 13 , 14 ]. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses [ [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] ] including heterogeneous and low-quality studies suggested that women with some type of FGM/C face serious obstetric risks, but these results were controversial and varied by study design, settings, and FGM/C subgroup.…”