Correlations between supra- and subgingival clinical parameters in smokers and individuals who have never smoked

Abstract

Correlations between supra-and subgingival clinical parameters in smokers and individuals who have never smoked Descritores: Tabaco; índice periodontal; inflamação; periodontite; gengivite. AbstractIntroduction: Smoking is a risk factor for prevalence, severity and progression of periodontal disease and appears to suppress marginal periodontium inflammatory response. Purpose: To correlate Visible Plaque Index (VPI) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI) in smokers and never-smokers, as well as GBI and bleeding on probing (BOP ) in these groups. Material and method: We used baseline data of one quasi-experimental study in which 11 smokers and 14 subjects who never smoked were submitted to clinical periodontal examinations between September 2010 and October 2011. Result: The correlation between VPI and GBI was positive for both groups, it was strong and statistically significant in subjects who had never smoked and moderate in smokers. Regarding GBI and BOP correlations were moderate for smokers and weaker for individuals who had never smoked. Conclusion: Smokers have lower strength correlation between VPI and GBI compared to individuals who had never smoked resulting in a less pronounced marginal gingival bleeding.

Tobacco Use and Periodontal Disease—The Role of Microvascular Dysfunction

“…Gingival probing shows less bleeding in smokers than in non-smokers with the same amount of dental plaque [ 251 ]. Another study has shown a weaker correlation between the visible plaque index and the gingival bleeding index in smokers than in never smokers [ 256 ]. The gingival probe penetration depth is less in smokers than in non-smokers, probably due to fibrosis [ 257 ].…”