Correlations between histopathologic changes and clinical features in pterygia

Safi, Hamid; Kheirkhah, Ahmad; Mahbod, Mirgholamreza; Molaei, Saber; Hashemi, Hassan; Jabbarvand, Mahmoud

doi:10.4103/2008-322x.183917

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Nonetheless, the number of new vessels in human pterygium has been reported as extremely variable [19, 20]. In human pterygium, redness and fleshiness are correlated with the vascular density and stromal fibrosis, while the extent of the pterygium over the cornea has an inverse relation with the stromal elastosis [18]. This is in accordance with our results, in which higher redness and vascularization was observed in right eyes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Extracellular matrix and fibroblast injection produces pterygium-like lesion in rabbits

et al. 2018

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BackgroundTranslational research to develop pharmaceutical and surgical treatments for pterygium requires a reliable and easy to produce animal model. Extracellular matrix and fibroblast are important components of pterygium. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the subconjunctival injection of fibroblast cells (NIH3T3 cell line) and exogenous extracellular matrix in rabbits in producing a pterygium-like lesion.MethodsSix 3-month-old white New Zealand rabbits were injected with 20,000 NIH3T3 cells and 5 µL of Matrigel in the right conjunctiva, and with only 5 µL of Matrigel in the left conjunctiva. The eyes were photographed under a magnification of 16× using a 12-megapixel digital camera attached to the microscope on day 1, 3 and 7. Conjunctival vascularization was measured by analyzing images to measure red pixel saturation. Area of corneal and conjunctival fibrovascular tissue formation on the site of injection was assessed by analyzing the images on day 3 and 7 using area measurement software. Histopathologic characteristics were determined in the rabbit tissues and compared with a human primary pterygium.ResultsThe two treatments promoted growth of conjunctival fibrovascular tissue at day 7. The red pixel saturation and area of fibrovascular tissue developed was significantly higher in right eyes (p < 0.05). Tissues from both treatments showed neovascularization in lesser extent to that observed in human pterygium. Acanthosis, stromal inflammation, and edema were found in tissues of both treatments. No elastosis was found in either treatment.ConclusionsMatrigel alone or in combination with NIH3T3 cells injected into the rabbits’ conjunctiva can promote tissue growth with characteristics of human pterygium, including neovascularization, acanthosis, stromal inflammation, and edema. The combination of Matrigel with NIH3T3 cells seems to have an additive effect on the size and redness of the pterygium-like tissue developed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Extracellular matrix and fibroblast injection produces pterygium-like lesion in rabbits

et al. 2018

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“…However, larger lesions over the cornea may be associated with increased thickness and volume of the pterygium body, resulting in higher grades of redness and fleshiness. [ 8 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 7 ] Pterygia were also graded for severity of redness, as follows: grade I: no redness or faint pinkish hue; grade II: scattered areas of moderate redness; and grade III: significant and diffuse redness. [ 8 ] Exclusion criteria were previous medical treatment for pterygium including topical steroids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, previous conjunctival surgery, conjunctival cicatricial disease, systemic autoimmune disease, and untreated dry eye disease. All patients were treated using the same surgical technique (excision and graft).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological parameters in pterygia and significant clinical correlations

Reda¹,

Shaaban²,

El-Din³

2018

J Ophthalmic Vis Res

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Purpose:To evaluate the clinical and histopathological parameters of pterygium to determine significant correlations between parameters that can affect management strategies.Methods:A total of 47 pterygia were clinically examined and excised for histopathological evaluation of epithelial and stromal changes. Some samples were immunostained with P53 (a protein of 53 kilodalton used as dysplastic epithelial marker), CD20 (CD/cluster of differentiation, are group of surface receptors providing targets for cellular immunophenotyping, CD20 as a B lymphocyte marker), CD 3 (as T lymphocyte marker) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF/as vascular marker).Results:Most patients were male (59.6%). Cosmetic complaints (83%), grade II redness (61.7%), grade 2 extension (63.8), and associated astigmatism of <2.5 D (83%) were observed. Histopathological features included solar elastosis (100%), squamous hyperplasia (83%), increased stromal vascularity with hemorrhage (76.6%), and lymphocytic stromal infiltration, perivascular distribution, and mild epithelial lymphocytic exocytosis in 72.3%, 74.5%, and 70.2% of cases, respectively. Other changes included goblet cell hyperplasia (31.9%), prominent epithelial pigmentation (48.9%), and, most importantly, epithelial atypia (53.2%). Clinical redness was significantly correlated with vascularity, epithelial hyperplasia, and lymphocytic stromal infiltration; lymphocytic stromal infiltration was also significantly correlated with pterygium extension and with low astigmatism.Conclusion:The inflammatory response was mild in most cases and the density was not significantly correlated with any clinical parameter. Vascularity was related to clinical redness. Treatment with anti-VEGF may be beneficial, even for grade 1 pterygia that are not dominantly fibrotic.

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“…Pterygium is a fibrovascular neoformation composed of epithelium and highly vascular loose subepithelial connective tissue (20). Previous studies have demonstrated that apoptotic and oncogenic proteins, microsatellite instability, inflammatory mediators, extracellular matrix modulators, EMT and other factors are involved in the development of pterygium (4,(9)(10)(11)13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel role for Livin in the response to ultraviolet�B radiation and pterygium development

Sheng

et al. 2020

Int J Mol Med

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A pterygium is an inflammatory, invasive and proliferative lesion on the ocular surface, which can decrease visual acuity, damage the ocular surface and affect the appearance of the eye. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis remain unclear. In the present study, the role of apoptosis-associated protein Livin in the occurrence and development of pterygium was investigated. Primary samples from quiescent or advanced clinical stages of pterygium and normal human conjunctival tissues were used to assess mRNA and protein expression levels of Livin using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Livin was knocked down in pterygium epithelial cells (PECs) using small interfering RNA (siRNA), to investigate the role of Livin in PEC viability, migration, invasion ability and apoptosis. The cell viability, invasion ability and apoptosis of PECs following ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation alone or in combination with Livin silencing were also analyzed. Expression levels of Livin increased in the pterygium tissues compared with those in the normal conjunctiva at both the mRNA and protein levels. Livin expression levels in advanced pterygium were significantly higher compared with those in quiescent pterygium samples. Knockdown of Livin expression levels significantly reduced cell migration, invasion ability and cell viability, and induced apoptosis of PECs. Inhibition of Livin expression in PECs increased the expression levels of caspase-7, caspase-3 and E-cadherin, whereas expression levels of Snail were downregulated. Cell viability and invasion ability in PECs was enhanced following UVB radiation and Livin expression upregulated. UVB irradiation induced cell invasion ability of PECs and this was attenuated by Livin-silencing. Transfection with Livin siRNA also partially recovered the apoptosis rate of PECs, which was reduced by UVB irradiation. In conclusion, Livin was upregulated in pterygium, and UVB radiation functions in the development of pterygium by inducing Livin expression.

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Correlations between histopathologic changes and clinical features in pterygia

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Extracellular matrix and fibroblast injection produces pterygium-like lesion in rabbits

Extracellular matrix and fibroblast injection produces pterygium-like lesion in rabbits

Histopathological parameters in pterygia and significant clinical correlations

A novel role for Livin in the response to ultraviolet�B radiation and pterygium development

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