CORRELATIONS BETWEEN HETEROZYGOSITY AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY IN<i>COTTUS</i>(TELEOSTEI: COTTIDAE): CHARACTER COMPONENTS

Strauss, Richard E.

doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1991.tb02700.x

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The number of publications describing empirical research on the relation between single locus isozyme or DNA markers and quantitatively inherited variation is very limited, and the results are variable (Kobylianski and Livshits, 1983 [131] ; Zink et al, 1985 [281] ; Strauss, 1991 [247] ; Yezerinac et al, 1992 [279] , and others). Interpretation of these results is difficult because the genetic component of the phenotypic variation has been determined in only a few studies (e.g., Briscoe et al, 1992 [25] ).…”

Section: Relationship Between Variation In Quantitative Traits and Momentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and the Survival of Populations

Booy¹,

Hendriks

Smulders³

et al. 2000

Plant Biology

366

248

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In this comprehensive review, a range of factors is considered that may influence the significance of genetic diversity for the survival of a population. Genetic variation is essential for the adaptability of a population in which quantitatively inherited, fitness‐related traits are crucial. Therefore, the relationship between genetic diversity and fitness should be studied in order to make predictions on the importance of genetic diversity for a specific population. The level of genetic diversity found in a population highly depends on the mating system, the evolutionary history of a species and the population history (the latter is usually unknown), and on the level of environmental heterogeneity. An accurate estimation of fitness remains complex, despite the availability of a range of direct and indirect fitness parameters. There is no general relationship between genetic diversity and various fitness components. However, if a lower level of heterozygosity represents an increased level of inbreeding, a reduction in fitness can be expected. Molecular markers can be used to study adaptability or fitness, provided that they represent a quantitative trait locus (QTL) or are themselves functional genes involved in these processes. Next to a genetic response of a population to environmental change, phenotypic plasticity in a genotype can affect fitness. The relative importance of plasticity to genetic diversity depends on the species and population under study and on the environmental conditions. The possibilities for application of current knowledge on genetic diversity and population survival for the management of natural populations are discussed.

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Section: Relationship Between Variation In Quantitative Traits and Momentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and the Survival of Populations

Booy¹,

Hendriks

Smulders³

et al. 2000

Plant Biology

366

248

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Finally, Bergmann's rule may arise through life history correlates of adult mortality (Stearns & Koella, 1986; Roff, 1992) and egg size (Berven, 1982). Genetic variation has been correlated with variation in life history traits (Ledig, Guries & Bonefield, 1983; Mitton & Grant, 1984; Koehn, Diehl & Scott, 1988; Strauss, 1991), and may be necessary for individuals to survive heterogeneous environments at high latitudes (Hedrick, Ginevan & Ewing, 1976; Liu, Soong & Chen, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bergmann's rule in the ant lion Myrmeleon immaculatus DeGeer (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae): geographic variation in body size and heterozygosity

Arnett¹,

Gotelli²

1999

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim Geographic variation in body size and heterozygosity were surveyed for discrete populations of the ant lion, Myrmeleon immaculatus DeGeer, collected from the central and northeastern United States.Location Collection sites were located in the central and eastern United States ranging from western Oklahoma to northern New York. MethodsWe collected 872 M. immaculatus larvae from thirty-four collecting sites. At each site, we randomly sampled ant lion pits and collected between fifteen and fifty-two larvae in total. Larvae were preserved in 95% ETOH for morphological analysis and frozen in a −80°C freezer for protein electrophoresis. We measured the body size of eighty-five preserved adult M. immaculatus obtained from museum collections using head width as an indicator of body size. Five enzymes [GPI (glucose phosphate isomerase), MDH (malate dehydrogenase), PEP (peptidase), DIA (diaphorase) and SOD (superoxide dismutase)] were used in the heterozygosity analyses. ResultsLarval and adult body size increased with latitude, but decreased with elevation. Average heterozygosity, measured at five polymorphic loci, also increased significantly with latitude. Minimum temperature variance was the best predictor of body size, whereas precipitation and maximum temperature were the best predictors of heterozygosity. Populations were genetically differentiated from one another and showed a pattern of isolation by distance, as measured by Wright's F st values and Nei's genetic distances.Main conclusions Sampling artifacts, heat conservation, character displacement, cell-size variation, density-dependent mortality, and differential dispersal probably cannot account for latitudinal variation in ant lion body size. Our results implicate the importance of diurnal photoperiod, which varies with latitude, but not with elevation. Because photoperiod often controls growth, diapause, and metamorphosis, it may be an important determinant of latitudinal clines in body size and life history of insects.

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“…We must also consider the possibility that some isozyme forms that were not detected under normal germination conditions could have been expressed under in vitro conditions. The relationship between heterozygosity and developmental events is complex, and studies have shown inconsistent results (Knowles and Mitton 1980;Mitton and Grant 1980;Giles 1984;Govindaraju and Dancik 1987;Strauss 1989Strauss , 1991Sherry and Lord 1996). Concerning organogenetic response of the green embryos, no relationship was found with the level of heterozygosity at any particular locus, except for the lower propensity of embryos heterozygous at G6P1 to produce shoots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between field performance, family, embryo morphology, and isozyme heterozygosity, and in vitro reactivity in jack pine

Briand¹,

Gauthier²,

Lemay³

et al. 1998

Can. J. For. Res.

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The influence of field performance, family, embryo morphology, and isozyme heterozygosity level on in vitro reactivity of Pinus banksiana Lamb. was evaluated on embryos from five superior families, five inferior families, and a mixed seed lot. Embryo length, number of cotyledons, and isozyme heterozygosity were determined for each embryo. Seed germination and fresh weight were determined on a family level. On average, superior families showed higher percentages of embryos that formed buds in vitro. Within each performance class, the analysis based on initial number of embryos revealed differences among families for the percentage of green embryos and embryos with adventitious buds and shoots. When calculations were based on green embryos only, i.e., excluding embryos that remained white, there were no differences among families. Thus, the overall in vitro potential of a family appears to be strongly dependent upon the capacity of embryos to turn green. On a per family basis, seed germination was positively correlated with most in vitro characters, with the exception of mean shoot length per shoot-forming embryo. Small embryos had a lower probability of producing buds and shoots, and embryos with three cotyledons showed a higher mortality than embryos with four or more cotyledons. No significant relationships were observed between heterozygosity level and in vitro reactivity, with analyses performed on green embryos only.

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CORRELATIONS BETWEEN HETEROZYGOSITY AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY INCOTTUS(TELEOSTEI: COTTIDAE): CHARACTER COMPONENTS

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Genetic Diversity and the Survival of Populations

Genetic Diversity and the Survival of Populations

Bergmann's rule in the ant lion Myrmeleon immaculatus DeGeer (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae): geographic variation in body size and heterozygosity

Relationship between field performance, family, embryo morphology, and isozyme heterozygosity, and in vitro reactivity in jack pine

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