Correlations between emulsification behaviors of crude oil-water systems and crude oil compositions

Wen, Jiangbo; Zhang, Jinjun; Wang, Zhihui; Zhang, Yongxing

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2016.04.010

Cited by 33 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This was confirmed by Waraho et al [68], who discovered that the adsorption of acidic compounds onto the oil-water interface significantly stabilized the oil-water emulsions. Acids with lower molecular weights, such as carboxylic and aliphatic acid, were observed to be the most effective in reducing the interfacial tension of oil-water [69]. Acids with a higher molecular weight were observed assist the stabilization of the emulsion.…”

Section: Stability Of the Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

An Overview of Recent Advances in State-of-the-Art Techniques in the Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions

et al. 2019

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The processing of crude oil often requires the extraction of a large amount of water. Frequently, crude oil is mixed with water to form water-in-crude oil emulsions as the result of factors such as high shear at the production wellhead and surface-active substances that are naturally present in crude oil. These emulsions are undesirable and require demulsification to remove the dispersed water and associated inorganic salts in order to meet production and transportation specifications. Additionally, the demulsification of these crude oil emulsions mitigates corrosion and catalyst poisoning and invariably maximizes the overall profitability of crude oil production. Recently, there has been growing research interest in developing workable solutions to the difficulties associated with transporting and refining crude oil emulsions and the restrictions on produced water discharge. Therefore, this paper reviews the recent research efforts on state-of-the-art demulsification techniques. First, an overview of crude oil emulsion types, formation, and stability is presented. Then, the parameters and mechanisms of emulsification formation and different demulsification techniques are extensively examined. It is worth noting that the efficiency of each of these techniques is dependent on the operating parameters and their interplay. Moreover, a more effective demulsification process could be attained by leveraging synergistic effects by combining one or more of these techniques. Finally, this literature review then culminates with propositions for future research. Therefore, the findings of this study can help for a better understanding of the formation and mechanisms of the various demulsification methods of crude oil to work on the development of green demulsifiers by different sources.

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Section: Stability Of the Emulsionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

An Overview of Recent Advances in State-of-the-Art Techniques in the Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions

et al. 2019

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“…Petroleum (crude oil) principally consist of carbon (83-87%) and hydrogen (12-14%) having complex hydrocarbon blend like paraffins, naphthenes, fragrant hydrocarbons, vaporous hydrocarbons (from CH 4 to C 4 H 10 ). Other than these, crude oil likewise contains little measure of non-hydrocarbons (sulfur mixes, nitrogen mixes, and oxygen mixes) and minerals, heavier crudes contain higher sulfur [3]. Contingent upon power of hydrocarbons, petroleum is delegated paraffin base, middle of the road base or naphthenic base ( Table 1).…”

Section: Crude Oil and Its Toxicity 21 Crude Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Petroleum hydrocarbons spills are among the most broad and naturally harming contamination that are potentially dangerous to human and ecosystem health. Chronic exposure results from constant presentation to little proportions of oil over broad stretches of time [3,4] and typically occurs in closeness to trademark spills, yet anthropogenic sources are also typical point sources, such as spilling pipelines, age discharges, or overflow from land-based sources can result in a solid inclination of high to low oil focus. Non-point sources, for example, atmospheric fallout and earthly spillover, additionally result in chronic exposure, yet may not contain an unmistakable inclination of focus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-point sources, for example, atmospheric fallout and earthly spillover, additionally result in chronic exposure, yet may not contain an unmistakable inclination of focus. Hydrocarbons, as saturates, olefins, and aromatics, make up 97% of most petroleum [3]. Of these compounds, aromatics are among the most stable and may persist in the environment for long periods of time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Petroleum Hydrocarbon and Living Organisms

Alzahrani¹,

Rajendran²

2019

Hydrocarbon Pollution and Its Effect on the Environment

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Living matters are inadvertently exposed to the highly toxic petroleum hydrocarbon (PH) byproducts. Despite the fact that petroleum-related industry is globally thriving, the health hazard of most hydrocarbons is not well characterized. In human, organs and, sometimes, whole systems such as the nervous system, respiratory, circulatory, immune, reproductive, and endocrine systems are susceptible to PHs depending on the level of exposure. Marine organisms are known to be affected by PHs in various stages. Impacts from lethal to sub-lethal dose of PHs range from habitat destruction, mass mortality, and impaired physiological functions such as reduced feeding, slow growth and development, respiration problems, loss of locomotion, balance, and swimming ability. Bioaccumulation of toxic PHs in food chains in marine environment can be retained for decades and affect plants, animals, and eventually human. This chapter summarizes the PHs toxic effects on living organisms and the potential mechanisms of action based on epidemiological studies.

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“…The waxy crude oil were sampled from 4 representative polymer flooding wells of the Daqing Oilfield. The physical properties of these waxy crude oil were determined according to the related standard test method [7,26]. The produced water with a salinity of 5130 mg/L and a polymer concentration of 450 mg/L were also collected and employed in the preparation of emulsions.…”

Section: Materials and Emulsion Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Shearing Energy and Interfacial Gibbs Free Energy in the Emulsification Mechanism of Waxy Crude Oil

Wang

Lin

Rui³

et al. 2017

Energies

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Abstract:Crude oil is generally produced with water, and the water cut produced by oil wells is increasingly common over their lifetime, so it is inevitable to create emulsions during oil production. However, the formation of emulsions presents a costly problem in surface process particularly, both in terms of transportation energy consumption and separation efficiency. To deal with the production and operational problems which are related to crude oil emulsions, especially to ensure the separation and transportation of crude oil-water systems, it is necessary to better understand the emulsification mechanism of crude oil under different conditions from the aspects of bulk and interfacial properties. The concept of shearing energy was introduced in this study to reveal the driving force for emulsification. The relationship between shearing stress in the flow field and interfacial tension (IFT) was established, and the correlation between shearing energy and interfacial Gibbs free energy was developed. The potential of the developed correlation model was validated using the experimental and field data on emulsification behavior. It was also shown how droplet deformation could be predicted from a random deformation degree and orientation angle. The results indicated that shearing energy as the energy produced by shearing stress working in the flow field is the driving force activating the emulsification behavior. The deformation degree and orientation angle of dispersed phase droplet are associated with the interfacial properties, rheological properties and the experienced turbulence degree. The correlation between shearing stress and IFT can be quantified if droplet deformation degree vs. droplet orientation angle data is available. When the water cut is close to the inversion point of waxy crude oil emulsion, the interfacial Gibbs free energy change decreased and the shearing energy increased. This feature is also presented in the special regions where the suddenly changed flow field can be formed. Hence, the shearing energy is an effective form that can show the contribution of kinetic energy for the oil-water mixtures to interfacial Gibbs free energy in emulsification process, and the emulsification mechanism of waxy crude oil-water emulsions was further explained from the theoretical level.

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Correlations between emulsification behaviors of crude oil-water systems and crude oil compositions

Cited by 33 publications

References 40 publications

An Overview of Recent Advances in State-of-the-Art Techniques in the Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions

An Overview of Recent Advances in State-of-the-Art Techniques in the Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsions

Petroleum Hydrocarbon and Living Organisms

The Role of Shearing Energy and Interfacial Gibbs Free Energy in the Emulsification Mechanism of Waxy Crude Oil

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