Correlational Study among Anger, Perceived Stress and Mental Health Status in Middle Aged Women

Abstract

These results suggested that middle aged women with high degree of trait anger is likely to be high in stress perception. Perceived stress and anger-in are major factors influencing mental health status.

A comparison of the health and related quality of life between middle‐aged Korean and Chinese women

“…In correlations among variances in middle‐aged Korean and Chinese women, the higher the level of health perception, the lower the anger expression and the higher the self‐esteem in middle‐aged Korean women was found to be a weak relationship. They support the partial findings of Lee's (2003), Park et al. 's (2003), Park & Koo's (2004) and Sung et al.…”

“…Additionally, previous studies show that severe anger expression involves lower self‐esteem and quality of life (Lee 2003; Park & Koo 2004; Park et al. 2003; Sung et al.…”

“…2003). Middle‐aged women's quality of life is affected by their perceived health condition, sense of self‐esteem, social support, depression, stress and economic status (Lee 2003; Oh 2000; Pakenham 1999; Shin & Kim 2001; Shin & Yang 2003).…”

Patterns of Anger Expression among Middle-aged Korean Women: Q methodology

“…From a study on middle-aged women, Lee (2003) suggested that suppression of anger was the most important factor of psychological health, and implied that the expression of anger could have either a positive or a negative effect on their relationships with others, as well as on their physical and psychological health. Women who externalized their anger were more likely to experience depression and obsessive-compulsive behavior, and experienced more overall symptoms than did women who endorsed segmentation or assertiveness.…”

“…The way women express or suppress their anger has been linked to health consequences such as depression (Jack, 1999), hypertension, cardiovascular disease (Lavoie et al, 2001), irritable bowel disease, and suicide (Ali et al, 2000). In addition, middle-aged Korean women use "anger-in" (i.e., internalization) more than "anger-out" (i.e., externalization) or anger control (Lee, 2003), and trait anger, which are related to depression (Shin, Kang, Kim, Kim, & Yoon, 2006). The levels of cholesterol and depression were found to be significantly higher in the presence of anger-in and high trait anger among middle-aged Korean women (Park et al, 2005).…”