Correlation of vaccine‐elicited antibody levels and neutralizing activities against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants

Liu, Jinbiao; Bodnar, Brittany; Padhiar, Nigam H; Khan, Adil I.; Meng, Feng-Zhen; Saribas, Sami; Wang, Peng; Xu, Wenju; McCluskey, Elizabeth; Shah, Sahil; Zhao, Huaqing; Luo, Jin Jun; Hu, Wen‐Hui; Ho, Wen‐Zhe

doi:10.1002/ctm2.644

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We previously demonstrated that there is a positive correlation between plasma IgG levels and neutralization activities against wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2 and its variants (D614G, UK-B.1.1.7, UK-B. 1.525, and SA-B.1.351) in healthy individuals vaccinated with either the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine [13].…”

Section: Population) Out Of Fully Vaccinatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of BNT162b2-, mRNA-1273- and Ad26.COV2.S-Elicited IgG and Neutralizing Titers against SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Because the vaccine-elicited antibody and neutralizing activity against spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 are associated with protection from COVID-19, it is important to determine the levels of specific IgG and neutralization titers against SARS-CoV-2 elicited by the vaccines. While three widely used vaccine brands (Pfizer-BNT162b2, Moderna-mRNA-1273 and Johnson-Ad26.COV2.S) are effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and alleviating COVID-19 illness, they have different efficacy against COVID-19. It is unclear whether the differences are due to varying ability of the vaccines to elicit a specific IgG antibody response and neutralization activity against spike protein of the virus. In this study, we compared the plasma IgG and neutralization titers against spike proteins of wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and eight variants in healthy subjects who received the mRNA-1273, BNT162b2 or Ad26.COV2.S vaccine. We demonstrated that subjects vaccinated with Ad26.COV2.S vaccine had significantly lower levels of IgG and neutralizing titers as compared to those who received the mRNA vaccines. While the linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between IgG levels and neutralizing activities against SARS-CoV-2 WT and the variants, there was an overall reduction in neutralizing titers against the variants in subjects across the three groups. These findings suggest that people who received one dose of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine have a more limited IgG response and lower neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 WT and its variants than recipients of the mRNA vaccines. Thus, monitoring the plasma or serum levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titer and neutralization activity is necessary for the selection of suitable vaccines, vaccine dosage and regimens.

show abstract

Section: Population) Out Of Fully Vaccinatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of BNT162b2-, mRNA-1273- and Ad26.COV2.S-Elicited IgG and Neutralizing Titers against SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All studies reported NTs against the VOCs as compared to reference strains (early isolates with or without the D614G mutation). The neutralization activity of vaccinated serum against the D614G variant was like the D614 strain 30 31 32 . Observations on the neutralization activity of vaccinated serum samples against the VOCs are described in detail in Tables I - III and summarized below.…”

Section: Major Findingsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In various studies, serum samples were collected post-vaccination at different time points between day 0 and eight months, leading to a wide variation in results across different studies where the same vaccine was examined against a particular VOC 32 44 46 68 69 . This may be possible due to the difference in quality and strength of the immune response at the starting point.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralization assays for SARS-CoV-2: Implications for assessment of protective efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The WHO emergency use-listed (EUL) COVID-19 vaccines were developed against early strains of SARS-CoV-2. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) - Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron, it is necessary to assess the neutralizing activity of these vaccines against the VOCs. PubMed and preprint platforms were searched for literature on neutralizing activity of serum from WHO EUL vaccine recipients, against the VOCs, using appropriate search terms till November 30, 2021. Our search yielded 91 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed a drop of 0-8.9-fold against Alpha variant, 0.3-42.4-fold against Beta variant, 0-13.8-fold against Gamma variant and 1.35-20-fold against Delta variant in neutralization titres of serum from the WHO EUL COVID-19 vaccine recipients, as compared to early SARS-CoV-2 isolates. The wide range of variability was due to differences in the choice of virus strains selected for neutralization assays (pseudovirus or live virus), timing of serum sample collection after the final dose of vaccine (day 0 to 8 months) and sample size (ranging from 5 to 470 vaccinees). The reasons for this variation have been discussed and the possible way forward to have uniformity across neutralization assays in different laboratories have been described, which will generate reliable data. Though in vitro neutralization studies are a valuable tool to estimate the performance of vaccines against the backdrop of emerging variants, the results must be interpreted with caution and corroborated with field-effectiveness studies.

show abstract

“…It is widely accepted that protection from SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination is largely mediated by a neutralizing antibody (Nab) response, and there is a significant and positive correlation between serum anti-spike IgG levels and Nab titers [ 19 , 20 ]. Vaccine-elicited neutralization levels measured early after vaccination were found to be correlated with the subsequent protective efficacy measured in phase 3 trials [ 21 ], and the duration of immunity mainly resulted from the starting Nab levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Findings and Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Who Were Either Fully Vaccinated with Coronavac or Not: An Analytical, Cross Sectional Study

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

COVID-19 vaccines are highly protective against severe disease; however, vaccine breakthrough infections resulting in hospitalization may still occur in a small percentage of vaccinated individuals. We investigated whether the clinical and microbiological features and outcomes were different between hospitalized COVID-19 patients who were either fully vaccinated with Coronovac or not. All hospitalized COVID-19 patients who had at least one dose of Coronavac were included in the study. The oldest unvaccinated patients with comorbidities, who were hospitalized during the same period, were chosen as controls. All epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory data of the patients were recorded and compared between the fully vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. There were 69 and 217 patients who had been either fully vaccinated with Coronavac or not, respectively. All breakthrough infections occurred in the first 3 months of vaccination. Fully vaccinated patients were older and had more comorbidities than unvaccinated patients. There were minor differences between the groups in symptoms, physical and laboratory findings, anti-spike IgG positivity rate and level, the severity of COVID-19, complications, and clinical improvement rate. The mortality rate of fully vaccinated patients was higher than the mortality rate in unvaccinated patients in univariate analysis, which was attributed to the fact that vaccinated patients were older and had more comorbidities. The severity and clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with breakthrough COVID-19 after Coronavac vaccination were similar to those of unvaccinated patients. Our findings suggest that the immune response elicited by Coronovac could be insufficient to prevent COVID-19-related severe disease and death within 3 months of vaccination among elderly people with comorbidities.

show abstract

Correlation of vaccine‐elicited antibody levels and neutralizing activities against SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Comparison of BNT162b2-, mRNA-1273- and Ad26.COV2.S-Elicited IgG and Neutralizing Titers against SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants

Comparison of BNT162b2-, mRNA-1273- and Ad26.COV2.S-Elicited IgG and Neutralizing Titers against SARS-CoV-2 and Its Variants

Neutralization assays for SARS-CoV-2: Implications for assessment of protective efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines

Comparison of the Clinical and Laboratory Findings and Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Who Were Either Fully Vaccinated with Coronavac or Not: An Analytical, Cross Sectional Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About