2010
DOI: 10.1007/s12040-010-0027-4
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Correlation of the oldest Toba Tuff to sediments in the central Indian Ocean Basin

Abstract: We have identified an ash layer in association with Australasian microtektites of ∼ 0.77 Ma old in two sediment cores which are ∼ 450 km apart in the central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB). Morphology and chemical composition of glass shards and associated microtektites have been used to trace their provenance. In ODP site 758 from Ninetyeast Ridge, ash layer-D (13 cm thick, 0.73-0.75 Ma) and layer-E (5 cm thick, 0.77-0.78 Ma) were previously correlated to the oldest Toba Tuff (OTT) eruptions of the Toba caldera, S… Show more

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Cited by 28 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…Two of numerous eruptions produced the Oldest Toba Tuff (OTT) and the Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT). New research suggests that OTT represents a total tephra volume of 2,300 cubic km, 253 which is comparable to the better-known YTT total volume of 2,800 cubic km. 149 The Australasian Strewnfield and OTT are closely related in time.…”
Section: Box 5 Pleistocene Catastrophesmentioning
confidence: 76%
“…Two of numerous eruptions produced the Oldest Toba Tuff (OTT) and the Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT). New research suggests that OTT represents a total tephra volume of 2,300 cubic km, 253 which is comparable to the better-known YTT total volume of 2,800 cubic km. 149 The Australasian Strewnfield and OTT are closely related in time.…”
Section: Box 5 Pleistocene Catastrophesmentioning
confidence: 76%
“…Only one sample is available for the OTT (Layer D at ODP site 758), and thus it is not possible to assess its true compositional range. Other occurrences of OTT glass shards in deep-sea sediments have been identified (Lee et al, 2004;Pattan et al, 2010) and offer the prospect of a better understanding of OTT compositional variability in the near future.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Given the volume of ejecta of at least 800-1000 km 3 that they estimated for the eruption that produced the Oldest Toba Tephra, envisaged that with predominant westward dispersal (such as for the Youngest Toba Tephra) this material could have readily reached India in sufficient quantity to enable preservation within the geological record (figure 1). The possibility of such preservation is increased by the upward revision of the magnitude of this eruption, to ∼2300 km 3 , by Pattan et al (2010).…”
Section: Compositional Variationsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…which ∼2000 km 3 was emplaced in Indonesia, primarily as pyroclastic flow deposits, and ∼800 km 3 was dispersed as tephra (e.g., Chesner 1987, 1990;Jones 2007). The earlier eruption D (Dehn et al 1991), ca 800 ka, is now recognised to be of comparable magnitude; Pattan et al (2010) estimated its total volume of ejecta as ∼2300 km 3 . Tephra derived from Toba is widespread in peninsular India, ∼3000 km from its source, having been identified at many Pleistocene sites (figure 2), including some that have yielded Lower Palaeolithic artefacts that have been classified as Large Flake Acheulian (e.g., Sharon 2007;Mishra et al 2009).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%