Values of the extraction constants of Zn 2+ and Cd 2+ from aqueous phosphoric acid solutions (0.36 to 7.31 mol·L −1 ) by Cyanex 301 in toluene, involving formation of the complexes ZnR 2 and CdR 2 with R being bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinate, have been correlated at T = 298 K as a function of the ionic strength. For this purpose the activity coefficients of all of the aqueous species have been calculated taking into account both the protolytic equilibria of concentrated phosphoric acid and complexation reactions between the cations and the phosphoric acid species. Good correlations have been obtained for the extraction constant values with the ionic strength, provided the release of water molecules during the extraction processes is considered. Finally, extraction constant values are reported at infinite dilution.