Correlation of the anterior ocular segment biometry with HbA1c level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Purpose. To compare ocular biometry between children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and healthy children in China and to determine the correlation of ocular biometry with the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and diabetes duration. Methods. A case-control study was conducted at Children’s Hospital of Fudan University between T1DM children and healthy children. The participants were evaluated for central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), K1 and K2 keratometry, and axial length (AL); also cycloplegic refraction was performed, and spherical equivalent (SE) was acquired. HbA1c levels of the T1DM cases were obtained. Results. Fifty-four eyes of 54 children with T1DM and 53 eyes of 53 healthy children were included. The mean age of T1DM group and control group was 10.59 ± 3.40 years and 9.55 ± 1.89 years, respectively, and the differences between age and gender were not significant (p=0.052, p=0.700). The mean LT in T1DM group (3.49 ± 0.18 mm) was thicker than that in the control group (3.40 ± 0.16 mm) (p=0.018), the mean ACD in T1DM group (3.52 ± 0.26 mm) was shallower than that in the control group (3.72 ± 0.26 mm) (p<0.001), and there were no significant differences of CCT, K1, K2, AL, and SE (p=0.088, p=0.672, p=0.821, p=0.094, and p=0.306, respectively). There was no significant correlation between HbA1c or diabetes duration and ocular biometry. Conclusions. Thicker LT and shallower ACD occurred in T1DM children rather than age-matched and sex-matched healthy children, but the overall refraction was not affected. HbA1c or diabetes duration was not correlated with ocular biometry in T1DM children.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus on the Ocular Biometry of Chinese Children

Xiao

Jia

et al. 2019

“…Different studies postulate the influence of hyperglycaemia on endothelial dysfunction with consistent stromal hydration and swelling of the cornea [2, 5, 8, 24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diabetes mellitus (DM), one of the most common metabolic disorders worldwide, is associated with many ocular complications. First of all, diabetic retinopathy (DR) affects the retinal vessels and is divided into two main groups, namely, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) [1, 2]. Patients with DM are also predisposed to damage of all layers of the cornea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scheimpflug Camera and Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography in Pachymetry Evaluation of Diabetic Patients

Krysik¹,

Dobrowolski

Stanienda-Sokół

et al. 2019

Aim. The comparative analysis of the central and peripheral corneal thicknesses using two different imaging systems: Scheimpflug camera and swept-source OCT was performed to investigate the differences in corneal thickness analysis in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods. The study group consisted of the 147 eyes of 107 diabetic patients who were examined and compared with 138 eyes of 89 nondiabetic cataract patients. The inclusion criteria for the study group was diabetes mellitus type II identified no less than 10 years ago, with NPDR not requiring prior laser treatment. The control group was recruited from nondiabetic patients. Measurements were obtained on the Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging system and Casia swept-source OCT. All study parameters from anterior chamber images were processed for five different zones, the central zone and four peripherals—superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal. A fit zone diameter of 4 mm was applied for both instruments. Results. The Pentacam system overestimated corneal measurements in the DM group when compared with the Casia OCT in superior corneal zone (p=0.04), inferior corneal zone (p=0.02), nasal corneal zone (p<0.001), and temporal corneal zone (p=0.01). In the control group, there were also statistically significant differences between the Pentacam and Casia OCT measured values in inferior corneal zone (p=0.001), nasal corneal zone (p=0.04), and temporal corneal zone (p<0.001). Conclusion. Scheimpflug camera pachymetry measurements showed statistically higher CCT values when compared with swept-source OCT measurements.

“…Recently published research findings on corneal morphology show evidence of greater central corneal thickness (CCT) in patients with T2D [77–80]. In studies of corneal thickness in patients with diabetic retinopathy, no statistical differences were found between groups of patients with proliferative retinopathy or nonproliferative retinopathy and those without diabetic retinopathy [81–85]. These results indicate that diabetes patients have a significantly thicker CCT, regardless of the state of retinopathy.…”

Section: Diabetes and Corneal Stromamentioning

confidence: 98%

An Update on Corneal Biomechanics and Architecture in Diabetes

Buey

Casas

Caramello

et al. 2019

In the last decade, we have witnessed substantial progress in our understanding of corneal biomechanics and architecture. It is well known that diabetes is a systemic metabolic disease that causes chronic progressive damage in the main organs of the human body, including the eyeball. Although the main and most widely recognized ocular effect of diabetes is on the retina, the structure of the cornea (the outermost and transparent tissue of the eye) can also be affected by the poor glycemic control characterizing diabetes. The different corneal structures (epithelium, stroma, and endothelium) are affected by specific complications of diabetes. The development of new noninvasive diagnostic technologies has provided a better understanding of corneal tissue modifications. The objective of this review is to describe the advances in the knowledge of the corneal alterations that diabetes can induce.