Correlation of soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels with severity of chronic hepatitis C virus liver injury and development of hepatocellular cancer

Serum levels of soluble Fas, soluble tumor necrosis factor-receptor II, interleukin-2 receptor and interleukin-8 as early predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients with hepatitis C virus genotype-4

“…This could be attributed to the binding of IL-2 due to excess of its receptor and thus inducing an inhibition of the appropriate immune response with subsequent progression of chronic liver disease and the development of HCC. Previous results [13,17,56] are in agreement with ours, where it is was shown that serum levels of sIL-2R are correlated with the histological severity of liver damage in HCV patients, which may be used as a marker in patients at high risk of getting HCC as the highest levels of soluble IL-2R occurred in those patients. The sIL-2R may be an important marker for assessing the phase of active chronic hepatitis and the degree of liver damage [57].…”

Concentrations of Cytokines, Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor, and Soluble CD30 in Sera of Patients with Hepatitis B Virus Infection during Acute and Convalescent Phases

“…This would then preclude the cytotoxic actions of the CD8 ϩ lymphocytes. Given the necessity to use a suitable marker to determine the evolution of HBV infection, Izzo et al (23) measured the concentrations of sIL-2R every 3 months in the sera of patients at risk for active chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis; however, they emphasized that high levels of sIL-2R are not always present in patients with severe hepatic lesions. The maintenance of high levels of sIL-2R in the convalescent phase would not be indicative of hepatic lesions, but the increased levels of detachment in the alpha chain of the IL-2 receptor in activated cells stop the immune response induced by the cytokine (11).…”

Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Levels in Hepatocellular Cancer: a More Sensitive Marker Than Alfa Fetoprotein

“…It is known that T-cell-mediated immune responses are important in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis and that sIL-2R levels are elevated in patients with acute and chronic hepatitis B or C virus infection. 12,[37][38][39] We previously showed that serum sIL-2R levels are elevated in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and that the highest levels occur in patients with histologically severe chronic liver injury and/or those who develop HCC. 12 Elevated serum sIL-2R levels are not found in most patients with severe liver injury, but progressive elevation of serum sIL-2R levels in these patients should increase clinical suspicion for the presence of HCC.…”

“…12,[37][38][39] We previously showed that serum sIL-2R levels are elevated in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and that the highest levels occur in patients with histologically severe chronic liver injury and/or those who develop HCC. 12 Elevated serum sIL-2R levels are not found in most patients with severe liver injury, but progressive elevation of serum sIL-2R levels in these patients should increase clinical suspicion for the presence of HCC. We reported that serum sIL-2R levels became elevated at the time of diagnosis of HCC in three patients with no evidence of HCC at the time of initial screening; we have now observed the same finding in a total of nine patients.…”

“…In a previous study we determined that serum soluble interleukin (IL)-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels were elevated in patients with histologically severe, chronic hepatitis from hepatitis C virus infection and that the highest sIL-2R levels occurred in the 19 patients who developed HCC. 12 The purpose of this study, with a larger group of chronic hepatitis B or C virus-infected patients who developed HCC, was to determine 1) whether sIL-2R levels are elevated more frequently than AFP levels and 2) whether sIL-2R levels are useful as a marker of successful treatment and recurrence of disease.…”