Correlation of Sex and Myopia With Corneal Epithelial and Stromal Thicknesses

Kim, Bong Jun; Ryu, Ik-Hee; Lee, Jonghyuck; Kim, Sun Woong

doi:10.1097/ico.0000000000000850

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…First, it is a fact that the OCT system was unable to discriminate the precorneal tear film, of which the thickness was reported 4.79 ± 0.88 μm in a recent study [26]. Second, this study defined stromal thickness by subtracting epithelial thickness from the total corneal thickness [27], but the stromal thickness also includes Bowman membrane, Descemet membrane, and endothelium, which could have relatively minor influence on the result. Future studies combined with other clinical investigations such as confocal microscopy, are needed to help understand the physiology of OK wear, so as to better explain the changes of corneal morphology.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 92%

Redistribution of the corneal epithelium after overnight wear of orthokeratology contact lenses for myopia reduction

Zhang

et al. 2020

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Background: To investigate changes in the corneal thickness profile in juvenile myopia after overnight wear of orthokeratology lenses (OK). Methods: A total of 53 juveniles (53 right eyes) successfully wore OK between January 2016 and July 2017 and they were reviewed one day, one week and one month after first wearing it. Epithelial and corneal data were obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Changes in uncorrected visual acuity, refractive error, corneal refractive power, and epithelial and corneal thickness were analyzed before and after wear of OK. Results: The corneal epithelium was reshaped after 1 day of OK; the myopia degree was reduced, and uncorrected visual acuity reached 0 logMAR at 1 week. The central (2 mm) average epithelial thickness was 52.04 ± 2.35 μm, 49.25 ± 2.67 μm, 45.91 ± 2.80 μm, and 47.53 ± 3.44 μm before and after 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month of OK, respectively (t = 4.497, 9.741, and 7.340, respectively, P < 0.001). The central epithelium was thinnest at 1 week, when the average thinning of 6.13 ± 1.67 μm accounted for approximately 11.78 % ± 3.21 % of the total epithelium thickness at baseline. The epithelial thickness of the reverse curve zone was 51.83 ± 2.49 μm, 57.62 ± 3.01 μm, 59.43 ± 3.19 μm, and 60.22 ± 2.75 μm before and after 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month of OK, respectively, showing a significant increase over time (t=-4.752,-6.208, and-6.848, respectively, P < 0.001). Conclusion: In the early stage of OK, the corneal epithelium was redistributed very quickly. The central epithelium became thin, while the epithelium of the reverse curve zone correspondingly thickened. Effectively reduced the refractive power of the cornea equivalent to the effect of adding a concave spectacle lens, which ensures uncorrected vision after removal of the lenses.

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 92%

Redistribution of the corneal epithelium after overnight wear of orthokeratology contact lenses for myopia reduction

Zhang

et al. 2020

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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“…8 Our analysis noted no significant difference in stromal thickness between male and female participants, which is in agreement with other past studies. 6,14 In another study, we found males to have thicker epithelial thickness profiles. 4 Interestingly, we found a thicker central cornea in females using the Oculus Pentacam in a large cohort of patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Corneal thickness as a unified measurement has been analyzed extensively in the literature for the purpose of delineating ocular pathologies; however, the individual layers have been explored less thoroughly. The clinical significance of stromal thickness has been recognized in its correlation with disease processes such as keratoconus 5 and myopia, 6 as well as its variation with surgical interventions. 7 The present study aimed to independently evaluate stromal thickness in different meridians of the eye in normal individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Wide Stromal Mapping Using an Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography</p>

Hashmani¹,

Hashmani²,

Asghar³

et al. 2020

OPTH

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Purpose: To quantify and assess the reproducibility of the corneal stromal thickness profiles captured by the SD-OCT. Secondly, we correlated the zonal thicknesses to the age, gender and axial length. Methods: We included 227 normal eyes of 227 patients with a maximum hypermetropia of +5 and myopia of-6 diopters (D). Subjects with an intraocular pressure exceeding 22 mm Hg, evidence of cataract formation, history of ophthalmic surgery or disease were excluded. Lastly, reproducibility was evaluated in a subset of 50 participants by means of an identical scan protocol repeated by 2 different OCT operators. Results: Stromal values were consistently thicker in the peripheral cornea (p<0.001). Age was negatively correlated with approximately every sector of the stroma with notable exceptions of the center (r=0.117, p=0.088) and the superior inner (r=0.057, 0.409), middle (r=0.086, p=0.209) and outer locations (r=0.120, p=0.079). There was no statistical significance in most sectors when looking at the axial length, gender and K1/K2. This method was highly reproducible in terms of both the ICC and COV. Conclusion: Corneal stromal mapping is highly reproducible and shows a negative correlation to age. Additionally, the periphery of the stroma is consistently thicker to the center. Other variables like gender and axial length show no relationship to the corneal stroma.

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“…The literature is controversial about whether age, gender, or refractive errors affect the corneal ET. [4][5][6][7] Several studies [8,14,17] showed a signi cant decrease in ET among CL-wear groups, with and an increase in thickness following discontinuation of the soft contact lenses. [8] It is important to note that our group of patients, seeking refractive surgery, were mostly young adults with varying degrees of myopia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] The epithelium plays an important role in the corneal power and accounts for an average of 1.03 diopters; [2] it has an accepted average thickness of approximately 50-60 µm. [1,3] Several factors have been shown to in uence the central epithelial thickness pro le, and while controversial in the literature, they include age, [4,5] gender, [4,6] ethnics and refractive errors. [6,7] Pathological conditions, such as contact lens (CL) wearing, [8] dry eye, [9,10] and keratoconus, [11] have been also shown to cause alterations of ET.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Life Variability of Corneal Epithelium Thickness in Photorefractive Keratectomy

Barequet¹,

Levinger²,

Rosenblatt³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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PURPOSE: To evaluate the real-life epithelial thickness (ET) as measured intraoperatively by optical coherence pachymetry (OCP) in myopic eyes undergoing alcohol-assisted photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).METHODS: A retrospective review of patients who underwent alcohol-assisted PRK was performed. Data were abstracted on age, gender, contact lens (CL) wear, preoperative refractive errors, keratometry, topographic and ultrasonic pachymetry, and intraoperative OCP measurements before and after epithelium removal. The central ET was calculated by subtracting OCP measurement after epithelium removal from the OCP measurement prior to epithelium removal. RESULTS: The study comprised of 140 consecutive eyes from 70 patients. The mean age was 27.29 ± 6.57 years, 51.4% were females. CL was used in 80 eyes (57.1%). The mean sphere and spherical equivalent were -3.69 ± 2.74D and -3.36 ± 2.76D, respectively. The mean intraoperative ET was 59.49 ± 19.93µm (range, 15-150µm). Fifty-four percent of the eyes had an ET measurement above or below the range of 40-60µm. ET was significantly higher in the second operated eye compared to the first operated eye (p=0.006). There was no significant difference in thickness between genders (p=0.29) or association to CL-wear (p=0.11), and no correlation to patient age (p=0.18, rp=0.13), refractive errors (p>0.11, rp=-0.02-0.14), nor keratometry (p>0.64, rp=-0.01-0.02). Conclusion: The real-life assessment of intraoperative ET in alcohol-assisted PRK showed a high variability of the central corneal epithelium, with a significant difference between the first and second operated eyes. This difference may have implications when the epithelium is not included in the surgical planning in surface ablation.

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Correlation of Sex and Myopia With Corneal Epithelial and Stromal Thicknesses

Abstract: The CET is significantly greater in men than in women, and is not correlated with myopia severity, whereas the ST is inversely correlated with myopia severity, without significant gender difference.

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Redistribution of the corneal epithelium after overnight wear of orthokeratology contact lenses for myopia reduction

Redistribution of the corneal epithelium after overnight wear of orthokeratology contact lenses for myopia reduction

<p>Wide Stromal Mapping Using an Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography</p>

Real-Life Variability of Corneal Epithelium Thickness in Photorefractive Keratectomy

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