Correlation of seismic activity and fumarole temperature at the Mt. Merapi volcano (Indonesia) in 2000

Richter, Gregor

doi:10.1016/j.volgeores.2004.03.006

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Temperatures within fumaroles on active volcanoes have been found to be highly variable over relatively short periods of time. Daily fluctuations in temperature of over 100°C were measured in fumarole fields on Volcan Colima, Mexico (Connor et al 1993), while increases in fumarole temperature have also been correlated to seismic events on Merapi volcano, Indonesia (Richter et al 2004). Results from our study show that even a small increase in ambient temperature (50 to 100°C) could reduce magma permeability by over an order of magnitude, and so restrict the ability of gases to escape from the ascending magma.…”

Section: Implications For Volcanic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Effect of temperature on the permeability of lava dome rocks from the 2004–2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens

et al. 2016

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As magma ascends to shallow levels in the volcanic conduit, volatile exsolution can produce a dramatic increase in the crystal content of the magma. During extrusion, low porosity, highly crystalline magmas are subjected to thermal stresses which generate permeable microfracture networks. How these networks evolve and respond to changing temperature has significant implications for gas escape and hence volcano explosivity. Here, we report the first laboratory experimental study on the effect of temperature on the permeability of lava dome rocks under environmental conditions designed to simulate the shallow volcanic conduit and lava dome. Samples were collected for this study from the 2004-2008 lava dome eruption of Mount St. Helens (Washington State, USA). We show that the evolution of microfracture networks, and their permeability, depends strongly on temperature changes. Our results show that permeability decreases by nearly four orders of magnitude as temperature increases from room temperature to 800°C. Above 800°C, the rock samples become effectively impermeable. Repeated cycles of heating leads to sample compaction and a reduction in fracture density and therefore a decrease in permeability. We argue that changes in eruption regimes from effusive to explosive activity can be explained by strongly decreasing permeability caused by repeated heating of magma, conduit walls and volcanic plugs or domes. Conversely, magma becomes more permeable as it cools, which will reduce explosivity.

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Section: Implications For Volcanic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Effect of temperature on the permeability of lava dome rocks from the 2004–2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens

et al. 2016

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“…Fluid flow in hydrothermal systems is controlled by many overlapping processes, which are unique to each system: the thermal gradient, the anisotropy of the permeability (Arnórsson, 1995), the precipitation of secondary minerals (Lowell et al 1993), the availability of groundwater for recharge, the local topography (Hurwitz et al 2003), and the phases present in the system (Ingebritsen & Sorey, 1988). In some cases, both precipitation and groundwater flow are known to have an influence on the temperature of fumaroles (Richter et al 2004), but not in others (Connor et al, 1993;Di Liberto, 2011). These examples demonstrate the highly individual behaviour of the hydrothermal systems at volcanoes and emphasize the necessity for a careful understanding of the subsurface structures and the parameters that control groundwater flow in each individual scenario.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite observations of fumarole activity at Aluto volcano, Ethiopia: Implications for geothermal monitoring and volcanic hazard

Braddock

Biggs

Watson

et al. 2017

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms We conclude that fumaroles along major faults are strongly coupled to the magmatic-hydrothermal system and are relatively stable with time, whereas those along shallower structures close to the rift flank are more strongly influenced by seasonal variations in groundwater flow. The use of remote sensing data to monitor the thermal activity of Aluto provides an important contribution towards understanding the behaviour of this actively deforming volcano. This method could be used at other volcanoes around the world for monitoring and geothermal exploration.

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“…In addition, oscillations in gas temperature are preceded by self-potential signals with a time shift of more than two hours indicating a relatively deep source of self-potential. Interestingly, these common oscillations of self-potential and gas temperature have signatures very different from earlier observations related to the rain season preceding the eruption in February 2001 (Byrdina et al, 2003;Richter et al, 2004). These authors observed that ultra-long period (ULP) seismic events were systematically accompanied by variations of both fumarole temperature (Richter et al, 2004) and self-potential (Byrdina et al, 2003) without any significant time shift between them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Interestingly, these common oscillations of self-potential and gas temperature have signatures very different from earlier observations related to the rain season preceding the eruption in February 2001 (Byrdina et al, 2003;Richter et al, 2004). These authors observed that ultra-long period (ULP) seismic events were systematically accompanied by variations of both fumarole temperature (Richter et al, 2004) and self-potential (Byrdina et al, 2003) without any significant time shift between them. Returning to oscillations of self-potential and gas temperature during the dry season, we suppose them to be generated by a deeper source than the source of ULP seismicity because of a larger time shift between the self-potential and gas temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Self potential signals preceding variations of fumarole activity at Merapi volcano, Central Java

Byrdina

Rücker

Zimmer

et al. 2012

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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International audienceThis paper analyzes simultaneous self-potential and gas temperature variations recorded at Merapi volcano in spring 2011, the dry season shortly after the volcanic crisis 2001. Temporal variations of fumarole gas temperature show characteristic quasi periodic signals at scales 1-8 h and amplitudes up to ten degrees. We propose a simple graphical technique combining a wavelet scalogram and a cross-correlation analysis to demonstrate that the variations of gas temperature are systematically preceded by self-potential variations at the same scales. The influence of meteorological variations on these correlated signals can be ruled out. Rather, we suggest them to be related to the magma degassing in the upper conduits of the volcano. We discuss a semi-qualitative model to explain this correlation and the observed phase shift of about two hours

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Correlation of seismic activity and fumarole temperature at the Mt. Merapi volcano (Indonesia) in 2000

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of temperature on the permeability of lava dome rocks from the 2004–2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens

Effect of temperature on the permeability of lava dome rocks from the 2004–2008 eruption of Mount St. Helens

Satellite observations of fumarole activity at Aluto volcano, Ethiopia: Implications for geothermal monitoring and volcanic hazard

Self potential signals preceding variations of fumarole activity at Merapi volcano, Central Java

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