Correlation of pathology with distribution of Be following administration of beryllium sulfate and beryllium sulfosalicylate complexes to the rat

Hard, Gordon C.; Skilleter, David N.; Reiner, Elsa

doi:10.1016/0014-4800(77)90030-2

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…After acute severe poisoning with In3+, a pronounced lymphopenia was observed in the lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus (260) and acute severe Be24 poisoning induced a large decrease in the number of circulating lymphocytes (but an increase in the number of granulocytes) (457). When Be2+ was administered as a soluble complex with sulfosalicylic acid, a strong toxic effect was noted on the T-lymphocytes in the spleen, thymus and lymph nodes while, at the same time, B-lymphocytes in the bone marrow were almost unaffected (327). Be2+-exposed individuals, with or without signs of berylliosis, have also repeatedly been reported to have a reduced tuberculin reactivity.…”

Section: Lymphocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some observations suggest that the immune system, and particularly the T-lymphocytes, may be sensitive to the toxic effects of Al3+-like ions (256,260,327,457). The changes in the cellular immune defense found with normal aging, and in DES, endemic ALS, IP, and DS are also in good agreement with experimentally observed Al3+effects (712) and with effects considered possible in relation to the ion's biochemistry and metabolism.…”

Section: A13+ No Investigations Of Their Al3+ Content Is Knownmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A third explanation for Al3+ not inducing hypersensitivity may possibly be that Al3" could exhibit a toxic effect directly on the T-lymphocytes (see above), which could impair all cellular immunity reactions. Be2+ and Ga3+ are reported to show such toxic effects (256,327,457) but, evidently, this has not made Be2+ hypersensitivity impossible. This explanation may, therefore, seem less valid.…”

Section: A13+ No Investigations Of Their Al3+ Content Is Knownmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolism and possible health effects of aluminum.

Ganrot¹

1986

Environ Health Perspect

203

150

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Literature regarding the biochemistry of aluminum and eight similar ions is reviewed. Close and hitherto unknown similarities were found. A hypothetical model is presented for the metabolism, based on documented direct observations of Al3+ and analogies from other ions. Main characteristics are low intestinal absorption, rapid urinary excretion, and slow tissue uptake, mostly in skeleton and reticuloendothelial cells. Intracellular Al3+ is probably first confined in the lysosomes but then slowly accumulates in the cell nucleus and chromatin. Large, long-lived cells, e.g., neurons, may be the most liable to this accumulation. In heterochromatin, Al3+ levels can be found comparable to those used in leather tannage. It is proposed that an accumulation may take place at a subcellular level without any significant increase in the corresponding tissue concentration. The possible effects of this accumulation are discussed. As Al3+ is neurotoxic, the brain metabolism is most interesting. The normal and the lethally toxic brain levels of Al3+ are well documented and differ only by a factor of 3-10. The normal brain uptake of Al3+ is estimated from data on intestinal uptake of Al3+ and brain uptake of radionuclides of similar ions administered intravenously. The uptake is very slow, 1 mg in 36 years, and is consistent with an assumption that Al3+ taken up by the brain cannot be eliminated and is therefore accumulated. The possibility that Al3+ may cause or contribute to some specific diseases, most of them related to aging, is discussed with the proposed metabolic picture in mind.

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Section: Lymphocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A13+ No Investigations Of Their Al3+ Content Is Knownmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A13+ No Investigations Of Their Al3+ Content Is Knownmentioning

confidence: 99%

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