Correlation of obesity profile and blood pressure among ethnic and immigrant young adult students in Gangtok, Sikkim

Abstract

Background: Several studies support the influence of ethnicity on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Aim and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the difference in correlation between obesity profile and blood pressure (BP) between Sikkimese and immigrant students in Gangtok. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim, Gangtok. A total of 274 students aged 18–25 years were included in the study. The anthropometric parameters (Height, weight, BMI, and Waist Circumference [WC]), systolic and diastolic BP (DBP) of the ethnic and immigrant group, were recorded. Two-tail Students’ test was performed to compare two groups and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient was used to measure the linear correlation. Results: Mean value of all variables-BMI, WC, Systolic BP (SBP), and DBP was higher in the immigrant group as compared to the ethnic group, but the differences were not statistically significant. Lower prevalence of general obesity, abdominal obesity, elevated BP., and hypertension was found among Sikkimese compared to non-Sikkimese young adults. A stronger positive correlation was found between BP and WC and between BP and BMI in immigrants compared to the ethnic group. Conclusion: Higher incidence of different cardiovascular risk factors in young immigrant adults as compared to the ethnic Sikkimese group in this study points toward ethnicity-dependent differences in the relationship between obesity profile and BP.